Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023
The review provides concise information on the innate ability of cells of the tularemia pathogen, Francisella tularensis subsp. Holarctica, to resist antimicrobials through a variety of mechanisms, leading to its multi-resistance. In total, taking into account new territories, 120 cases of human inf...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | Russian |
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Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”
2023
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Online Access: | https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788 https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-47 |
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ftjppdi:oai:oai.microbe.elpub.ru:article/1788 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections |
op_collection_id |
ftjppdi |
language |
Russian |
topic |
иммунопрофилактика Francisella tularensis natural foci epidemic outbreaks zoological and entomological material immunoprophylaxis природные очаги эпидемические вспышки зоолого-энтомологический материал |
spellingShingle |
иммунопрофилактика Francisella tularensis natural foci epidemic outbreaks zoological and entomological material immunoprophylaxis природные очаги эпидемические вспышки зоолого-энтомологический материал T. Yu. Kudryavtseva V. P. Popov A. N. Mokrievich E. S. Kulikalova A. V. Kholin A. V. Mazepa M. A. Borzenko N. L. Pichurina N. V. Pavlovich A. K. Noskov D. V. Trankvilevsky M. V. Khramov I. A. Dyatlov Т. Ю. Кудрявцева В. П. Попов А. Н. Мокриевич Е. С. Куликалова А. В. Холин А. В. Мазепа М. А. Борзенко Н. Л. Пичурина Н. В. Павлович А. К. Носков Д. В. Транквилевский М. В. Храмов И. А. Дятлов Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
topic_facet |
иммунопрофилактика Francisella tularensis natural foci epidemic outbreaks zoological and entomological material immunoprophylaxis природные очаги эпидемические вспышки зоолого-энтомологический материал |
description |
The review provides concise information on the innate ability of cells of the tularemia pathogen, Francisella tularensis subsp. Holarctica, to resist antimicrobials through a variety of mechanisms, leading to its multi-resistance. In total, taking into account new territories, 120 cases of human infection were registered in the Russian Federation in 2022. Epizootic manifestations of the infection of varying degrees of intensity were detected in 58 constituent entities. Against this background, sporadic cases of tularemia in humans were reported in 18 regions of the country. An outbreak of tularemia occurred in the Stavropol Territory; the disease of mild and moderate severity was found in 76 people. The increased incidence of tularemia persists in the Republic of Karelia with severe cases of the disease in the absence of immunoprophylaxis of this infection in the region. A total of 61 cultures of the tularemia pathogen F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, out of which 20 erythromycin-resistant strains were isolated in the Stavropol Territory. In addition, 8 cultures of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica from a silt sample and mites Dermacentor silvarum and Haemaphysalis concinna caught in the Republic of Altai were isolated. On the territory of the Russian Federation in 2022, 930 999 people were vaccinated and revaccinated against tularemia. Based on the analysis of the data obtained in 2022, epidemic complications in 2023 in the form of sporadic cases of the disease among the unvaccinated population are most likely to occur in the territories of the Central Federal District – in the Vladimir, Ryazan and Smolensk Regions; Northwestern Federal District – in the Arkhangelsk Region and the Republic of Karelia; Southern Federal District – in the Volgograd and Rostov Regions. The situation in the North Caucasian Federal District will remain tense in the Stavropol Territory; in the Volga Federal District – in the territories of the Saratov Region, as well as in the Kirov Region and the Republic of Mordovia; Ural Federal ... |
author2 |
Работа выполнена в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора и деятельности референс-центра ФБУН ГНЦ ПМБ по мониторингу за туляремией. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
T. Yu. Kudryavtseva V. P. Popov A. N. Mokrievich E. S. Kulikalova A. V. Kholin A. V. Mazepa M. A. Borzenko N. L. Pichurina N. V. Pavlovich A. K. Noskov D. V. Trankvilevsky M. V. Khramov I. A. Dyatlov Т. Ю. Кудрявцева В. П. Попов А. Н. Мокриевич Е. С. Куликалова А. В. Холин А. В. Мазепа М. А. Борзенко Н. Л. Пичурина Н. В. Павлович А. К. Носков Д. В. Транквилевский М. В. Храмов И. А. Дятлов |
author_facet |
T. Yu. Kudryavtseva V. P. Popov A. N. Mokrievich E. S. Kulikalova A. V. Kholin A. V. Mazepa M. A. Borzenko N. L. Pichurina N. V. Pavlovich A. K. Noskov D. V. Trankvilevsky M. V. Khramov I. A. Dyatlov Т. Ю. Кудрявцева В. П. Попов А. Н. Мокриевич Е. С. Куликалова А. В. Холин А. В. Мазепа М. А. Борзенко Н. Л. Пичурина Н. В. Павлович А. К. Носков Д. В. Транквилевский М. В. Храмов И. А. Дятлов |
author_sort |
T. Yu. Kudryavtseva |
title |
Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
title_short |
Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
title_full |
Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
title_fullStr |
Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 |
title_sort |
multidrug resistance of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica, epizootiological and epidemiological analysis of the situation on tularemia in the russian federation in 2022 and forecast for 2023 |
publisher |
Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe” |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788 https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-47 |
genre |
Arkhangelsk Republic of Karelia |
genre_facet |
Arkhangelsk Republic of Karelia |
op_source |
Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections; № 1 (2023); 37-47 Проблемы особо опасных инфекций; № 1 (2023); 37-47 2658-719X 0370-1069 |
op_relation |
https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788/1358 Challacombe J.F., Pillai S., Kuske C.R. Shared features of cryptic plasmids from environmental and pathogenic Francisella species. PLoS One. 2017; 12(8):e0183554. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0183554. Martinez J.L. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov. Today. 2014; 11:33–9. DOI:10.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.001. Cox G., Wright G.D. Intrinsic antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, origins, challenges and solutions. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 2013; 303(6-7):287–92. DOI:10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.009. Soto S.M. Role of efflux pumps in the antibiotic resistance of bacteria embedded in a biofilm. Virulence. 2013; 4(3):223–9. DOI:10.4161/viru.23724. Bina X.R., Wang C., Miller M.A., Bina J.E. The Bla2 betalactamase from the live-vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis encodes a functional protein that is only active against penicillin-class beta-lactam antibiotics. Arch. Microbiol. 2006; 186(3):219–28. DOI:10.1007/s00203-006-0140-6. Antunes N.T., Frase H., Toth M., Vakulenko S.B. The class A β-lactamase FTU-1 is native to Francisella tularensis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2012; 56(2):666–71. DOI:10.1128/AAC.05305-11. Biswas S., Raoult D., Rolain J.M. A bioinformatic approach to understanding antibiotic resistance in intracellular bacteria through whole genome analysis. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2008; 32(3):207–20. DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.017. Bodey G.P. Penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. Tex. Heart Inst. J. 1990; 17(4):315–29. Llewellyn A.C., Zhao J., Song F., Parvathareddy J., Xu Q., Napier B.A., Laroui H., Merlin D., Bina J.E., Cotter P.A., Miller M.A., Raetz C.R.H., Weiss D.S. NaxD is a deacetylase required for lipid A modification and Francisella pathogenesis. Mol. Microbiol. 2012; 86(3):611–27. DOI:10.1111/mmi.12004. Li Y., Powell D.A., Shaffer S.A., Rasko D.A., Pelletier M.R., Leszyk J.D., Scott A.J., Masoudie A., Goodlett D.R., Wang X., Raetz C.R.H., Ernst R.K. LPS remodeling is an evolved survival strategy for bacteria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2012; 109(22):8716–21. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1202908109. Stephens M.D., Hubble V.B., Ernst R.K., van Hoek M.L., Melander R.J., Cavanagh J., Melander C. Potentiation of Francisella resistance to conventional antibiotics through small molecule adjuvants. Medchemcomm. 2016; 7(1):128–31. DOI:10.1039/C5MD00353A. Karlsson E., Golovliov I., Lärkeryd A., Granberg M., Larsson E., Öhrman C., Niemcewicz M., Birdsell D., Wagner D.M., Forsman M., Johansson A. Clonality of erythromycin resistance in Francisella tularensis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2016; 71(10):2815–23. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkw235. Pérez-Castrillón J.L., Bachiller-Luque P., Martin-Luquero M., Mena-Martin F.J., Herreros V. Tularemia epidemic in northwestern Spain: clinical description and therapeutic response. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2001; 33(4):573–6. DOI:10.1086/322601. Boisset S., Caspar Y., Sutera V., Maurin M. New therapeutic approaches for treatment of tularaemia: a review. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2014; 4:40. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00040. Caspar Y., Maurin M. Francisella tularensis susceptibility to antibiotics: a comprehensive review of the data obtained in vitro and in animal models. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2017; 7:122. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00122. Caspar Y., Siebert C., Sutera V., Villers C., Aubry A., Mayer C., Maurin M., Renesto P. Functional characterization of the DNA gyrases in fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of Francisella novicida. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2017; 61(4):e02277-16. DOI:10.1128/AAC.02277-16. Jaing C.J., McLoughlin K.S., Thissen J.B., Zemla A., Gardner S.N., Vergez L.M., Bourguet F., Mabery S., Fofanov V.Y., Koshinsky H., Jackson P.J. Identification of genome-wide mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant F. tularensis LVS using whole genome tiling arrays and next generation sequencing. PLoS One. 2016; 11(9):e0163458. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0163458. Sutera V., Hoarau G., Renesto P., Caspar Y., Maurin M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of fluoroquinolone resistance associated with DNA gyrase mutations in Francisella tularensis, including in tularaemia patients with treatment failure. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2017; 50(3):377–83. DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.022. Sutera V., Levert M., Burmeister W.P., Schneider D., Maurin M. Evolution toward high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Francisella species. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2014; 69(1):101–10. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkt321. Enderlin G., Morales L., Jacobs R.F., Cross J.T. Streptomycin and alternative agents for the treatment of tularemia: review of the literature. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1994; 19(1):42–7. DOI:10.1093/clinids/19.1.42. Maurin M., Mersali N.F., Raoult D. Bactericidal activities of antibiotics against intracellular Francisella tularensis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2000; 44(12):3428–31. DOI:10.1128/AAC.44.12.3428-3431.2000. Gil H., Platz G.J., Forestal C.A., Monfett M., Bakshi C.S., Sellati T.J., Furie M.B., Benach J.L., Thanassi D.G. Deletion of TolC orthologs in Francisella tularensis identifies roles in multidrug resistance and virulence. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2006; 103(34):12897–902. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0602582103. Loughman K., Hall J., Knowlton S., Sindeldecker D., Gilson T., Schmitt D.M., Birch J.W.-M., Gajtka T., Kobe B.N., Florjanczyk A., Ingram J., Bakshi C.S., Horzempa J. Temperaturedependent gentamicin resistance of Francisella tularensis is mediated by uptake modulation. Front. Microbiol. 2016; 7:37. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00037. Chen L.F., Kaye D. Current use for old antibacterial agents: polymyxins, rifamycins, and aminoglycosides. Med. Clin. North Am. 2011; 95(4):819–42, viii–ix. DOI:10.1016/j.mcna.2011.03.007. Ahmad S., Hunter L., Qin A., Mann B.J., van Hoek M.L. Azithromycin effectiveness against intracellular infections of Francisella. BMC Microbiol. 2010; 10:123. DOI:10.1186/1471-2180-10-123. Hightower J., Kracalik I.T., Vydayko N., Goodin D., Glass G., Blackburn J.K. Historical distribution and host-vector diversity of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, in Ukraine. Parasit. Vectors. 2014; 7:453. DOI:10.1186/s13071-014-0453-2. Прилуцкий А.С., Роговая Ю.Д., Зубко В.Г. Туляремия: этиология, эпидемиология, вакцинопрофилактика. Университетская клиника. 2017; 3(2):231–39. Рубис Л.В. Эпизоотолого-эпидемиологическая ситуация по туляремии на территории Республики Карелия. Проблемы особо опасных инфекций. 2021; 4:105–11. DOI:10.21055/0370-1069-2021-4-105-111. https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788 doi:10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-47 |
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Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). Авторы, публикующие в данном журнале, соглашаются со следующим:Авторы сохраняют за собой авторские права на работу и предоставляют журналу право первой публикации работы на условиях лицензии Creative Commons Attribution License, которая позволяет другим распространять данную работу с обязательным сохранением ссылок на авторов оригинальной работы и оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы сохраняют право заключать отдельные контрактные договорённости, касающиеся не-эксклюзивного распространения версии работы в опубликованном здесь виде (например, размещение ее в институтском хранилище, публикацию в книге), со ссылкой на ее оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы имеют право размещать их работу в сети Интернет (например в институтском хранилище или персональном сайте) до и во время процесса рассмотрения ее данным журналом, так как это может привести к продуктивному обсуждению и большему количеству ссылок на данную работу (См. The Effect of Open Access). |
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https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-4710.1371/journal.pone.018355410.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.00110.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.00910.4161/viru.2372410.1007/s00203-006-0140-610.1128/AAC.05305-1110.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.01710.1111/mmi.1200410.1073/pnas.1 |
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ftjppdi:oai:oai.microbe.elpub.ru:article/1788 2024-09-09T19:29:08+00:00 Multidrug Resistance of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, Epizootiological and Epidemiological Analysis of the Situation on Tularemia in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast for 2023 Множественная лекарственная устойчивость клеток F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, анализ эпизоотологической и эпидемиологической ситуации по туляремии на территории Российской Федерации в 2022 г. и прогноз на 2023 г. T. Yu. Kudryavtseva V. P. Popov A. N. Mokrievich E. S. Kulikalova A. V. Kholin A. V. Mazepa M. A. Borzenko N. L. Pichurina N. V. Pavlovich A. K. Noskov D. V. Trankvilevsky M. V. Khramov I. A. Dyatlov Т. Ю. Кудрявцева В. П. Попов А. Н. Мокриевич Е. С. Куликалова А. В. Холин А. В. Мазепа М. А. Борзенко Н. Л. Пичурина Н. В. Павлович А. К. Носков Д. В. Транквилевский М. В. Храмов И. А. Дятлов Работа выполнена в рамках отраслевой программы Роспотребнадзора и деятельности референс-центра ФБУН ГНЦ ПМБ по мониторингу за туляремией. 2023-04-28 application/pdf https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788 https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-47 rus rus Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe” https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788/1358 Challacombe J.F., Pillai S., Kuske C.R. Shared features of cryptic plasmids from environmental and pathogenic Francisella species. PLoS One. 2017; 12(8):e0183554. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0183554. Martinez J.L. General principles of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Drug Discov. Today. 2014; 11:33–9. DOI:10.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.001. Cox G., Wright G.D. Intrinsic antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, origins, challenges and solutions. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 2013; 303(6-7):287–92. DOI:10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.009. Soto S.M. Role of efflux pumps in the antibiotic resistance of bacteria embedded in a biofilm. Virulence. 2013; 4(3):223–9. DOI:10.4161/viru.23724. Bina X.R., Wang C., Miller M.A., Bina J.E. The Bla2 betalactamase from the live-vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis encodes a functional protein that is only active against penicillin-class beta-lactam antibiotics. Arch. Microbiol. 2006; 186(3):219–28. DOI:10.1007/s00203-006-0140-6. Antunes N.T., Frase H., Toth M., Vakulenko S.B. The class A β-lactamase FTU-1 is native to Francisella tularensis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2012; 56(2):666–71. DOI:10.1128/AAC.05305-11. Biswas S., Raoult D., Rolain J.M. A bioinformatic approach to understanding antibiotic resistance in intracellular bacteria through whole genome analysis. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2008; 32(3):207–20. DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.017. Bodey G.P. Penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. Tex. Heart Inst. J. 1990; 17(4):315–29. Llewellyn A.C., Zhao J., Song F., Parvathareddy J., Xu Q., Napier B.A., Laroui H., Merlin D., Bina J.E., Cotter P.A., Miller M.A., Raetz C.R.H., Weiss D.S. NaxD is a deacetylase required for lipid A modification and Francisella pathogenesis. Mol. Microbiol. 2012; 86(3):611–27. DOI:10.1111/mmi.12004. Li Y., Powell D.A., Shaffer S.A., Rasko D.A., Pelletier M.R., Leszyk J.D., Scott A.J., Masoudie A., Goodlett D.R., Wang X., Raetz C.R.H., Ernst R.K. LPS remodeling is an evolved survival strategy for bacteria. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2012; 109(22):8716–21. DOI:10.1073/pnas.1202908109. Stephens M.D., Hubble V.B., Ernst R.K., van Hoek M.L., Melander R.J., Cavanagh J., Melander C. Potentiation of Francisella resistance to conventional antibiotics through small molecule adjuvants. Medchemcomm. 2016; 7(1):128–31. DOI:10.1039/C5MD00353A. Karlsson E., Golovliov I., Lärkeryd A., Granberg M., Larsson E., Öhrman C., Niemcewicz M., Birdsell D., Wagner D.M., Forsman M., Johansson A. Clonality of erythromycin resistance in Francisella tularensis. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2016; 71(10):2815–23. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkw235. Pérez-Castrillón J.L., Bachiller-Luque P., Martin-Luquero M., Mena-Martin F.J., Herreros V. Tularemia epidemic in northwestern Spain: clinical description and therapeutic response. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2001; 33(4):573–6. DOI:10.1086/322601. Boisset S., Caspar Y., Sutera V., Maurin M. New therapeutic approaches for treatment of tularaemia: a review. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2014; 4:40. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00040. Caspar Y., Maurin M. Francisella tularensis susceptibility to antibiotics: a comprehensive review of the data obtained in vitro and in animal models. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2017; 7:122. DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00122. Caspar Y., Siebert C., Sutera V., Villers C., Aubry A., Mayer C., Maurin M., Renesto P. Functional characterization of the DNA gyrases in fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of Francisella novicida. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2017; 61(4):e02277-16. DOI:10.1128/AAC.02277-16. Jaing C.J., McLoughlin K.S., Thissen J.B., Zemla A., Gardner S.N., Vergez L.M., Bourguet F., Mabery S., Fofanov V.Y., Koshinsky H., Jackson P.J. Identification of genome-wide mutations in ciprofloxacin-resistant F. tularensis LVS using whole genome tiling arrays and next generation sequencing. PLoS One. 2016; 11(9):e0163458. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0163458. Sutera V., Hoarau G., Renesto P., Caspar Y., Maurin M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of fluoroquinolone resistance associated with DNA gyrase mutations in Francisella tularensis, including in tularaemia patients with treatment failure. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2017; 50(3):377–83. DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.022. Sutera V., Levert M., Burmeister W.P., Schneider D., Maurin M. Evolution toward high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Francisella species. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2014; 69(1):101–10. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkt321. Enderlin G., Morales L., Jacobs R.F., Cross J.T. Streptomycin and alternative agents for the treatment of tularemia: review of the literature. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1994; 19(1):42–7. DOI:10.1093/clinids/19.1.42. Maurin M., Mersali N.F., Raoult D. Bactericidal activities of antibiotics against intracellular Francisella tularensis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2000; 44(12):3428–31. DOI:10.1128/AAC.44.12.3428-3431.2000. Gil H., Platz G.J., Forestal C.A., Monfett M., Bakshi C.S., Sellati T.J., Furie M.B., Benach J.L., Thanassi D.G. Deletion of TolC orthologs in Francisella tularensis identifies roles in multidrug resistance and virulence. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 2006; 103(34):12897–902. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0602582103. Loughman K., Hall J., Knowlton S., Sindeldecker D., Gilson T., Schmitt D.M., Birch J.W.-M., Gajtka T., Kobe B.N., Florjanczyk A., Ingram J., Bakshi C.S., Horzempa J. Temperaturedependent gentamicin resistance of Francisella tularensis is mediated by uptake modulation. Front. 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DOI:10.21055/0370-1069-2021-4-105-111. https://journal.microbe.ru/jour/article/view/1788 doi:10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-47 Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access). 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Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections; № 1 (2023); 37-47 Проблемы особо опасных инфекций; № 1 (2023); 37-47 2658-719X 0370-1069 иммунопрофилактика Francisella tularensis natural foci epidemic outbreaks zoological and entomological material immunoprophylaxis природные очаги эпидемические вспышки зоолого-энтомологический материал info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2023 ftjppdi https://doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2023-1-37-4710.1371/journal.pone.018355410.1016/j.ddtec.2014.02.00110.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.00910.4161/viru.2372410.1007/s00203-006-0140-610.1128/AAC.05305-1110.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.01710.1111/mmi.1200410.1073/pnas.1 2024-06-20T03:22:40Z The review provides concise information on the innate ability of cells of the tularemia pathogen, Francisella tularensis subsp. Holarctica, to resist antimicrobials through a variety of mechanisms, leading to its multi-resistance. In total, taking into account new territories, 120 cases of human infection were registered in the Russian Federation in 2022. Epizootic manifestations of the infection of varying degrees of intensity were detected in 58 constituent entities. Against this background, sporadic cases of tularemia in humans were reported in 18 regions of the country. An outbreak of tularemia occurred in the Stavropol Territory; the disease of mild and moderate severity was found in 76 people. The increased incidence of tularemia persists in the Republic of Karelia with severe cases of the disease in the absence of immunoprophylaxis of this infection in the region. A total of 61 cultures of the tularemia pathogen F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, out of which 20 erythromycin-resistant strains were isolated in the Stavropol Territory. In addition, 8 cultures of F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica from a silt sample and mites Dermacentor silvarum and Haemaphysalis concinna caught in the Republic of Altai were isolated. On the territory of the Russian Federation in 2022, 930 999 people were vaccinated and revaccinated against tularemia. Based on the analysis of the data obtained in 2022, epidemic complications in 2023 in the form of sporadic cases of the disease among the unvaccinated population are most likely to occur in the territories of the Central Federal District – in the Vladimir, Ryazan and Smolensk Regions; Northwestern Federal District – in the Arkhangelsk Region and the Republic of Karelia; Southern Federal District – in the Volgograd and Rostov Regions. The situation in the North Caucasian Federal District will remain tense in the Stavropol Territory; in the Volga Federal District – in the territories of the Saratov Region, as well as in the Kirov Region and the Republic of Mordovia; Ural Federal ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arkhangelsk Republic of Karelia Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections |