Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds
Knowledge of the health status and potential effect of disease outbreaks among Southern Ocean fauna may be decisive for its conservation. We assessed the exposure and infection of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella, AFS) and Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonine, SES) to parapoxvirus,Pho...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2020
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ftjpolarres:oai:journals.openacademia.net:article/3841 2023-05-15T14:01:21+02:00 Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds Núñez-Egido, Sandra Lowther, Andrew Nymo, Ingebjørg H. Klein, Jörn Breines, Eva M. Tryland, Morten 2020-12-17 text/html application/pdf image/jpeg text/xml https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841 https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v39.3841 eng eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12150 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12148 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12149 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12151 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841 doi:10.33265/polar.v39.3841 Copyright (c) 2020 Sandra Núñez-Egido, Andrew Lowther, Ingebjørg H. Nymo, Jörn Klein, Eva M. Breines, Morten Tryland https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 CC-BY-ND Polar Research; Vol 39 (2020) 1751-8369 Antarctic fur seal parapoxvirus Southern elephant seal Southern Ocean wildlife disease zoonosis info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2020 ftjpolarres https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v39.3841 2021-11-11T19:14:21Z Knowledge of the health status and potential effect of disease outbreaks among Southern Ocean fauna may be decisive for its conservation. We assessed the exposure and infection of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella, AFS) and Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonine, SES) to parapoxvirus,Phocid alphaherpesvirus-1(PhHV-1), smoothBrucellaspp. andToxoplasma gondii. AFS (n= 65) serum and swab samples, and SES (n= 13) serum samples from the sub--Antarctic island of Bouvetøya (54°25’S, 03°22’E) were collected during two austral summers (2014/15, 2017/18). Three polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests amplifying the DNA polymerase,B2LandGIFparapoxvirus genomic regions were performed, investigating DNA from mucosal swab samples. The glycoprotein B gene was targeted to detect PhHV-1 viral DNA. Sera were assayed forT. gondiiand smoothBrucellaspp.antibodies with indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Parapoxvirus PCR amplicons of the expected size were generated in two of the 29 AFS pups (nasal swabs, 2014/15), targeting theB2L(n= 2) and DNA polymerase (n= 1) genes, whereas theGIFPCR did not amplify target sequences. The PCR amplicons were sequenced and blasted in GenBank, revealing highest similarity with a seal parapoxvirus, confirming the presence of the virus in AFS for the first time. No PhHV-1 amplicons were generated, and antibodies againstT. gondiior smoothBrucellaspp. were not detected. Our data indicate that these seals are host for parapoxvirus but are neither exposed to smoothBrucellaspp. norT. gondii. Evidence of PhHV-1 shedding was not detected. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bouvetøya Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Polar Research Southern Elephant Seal Southern Elephant Seals Southern Ocean Polar Research (E-Journal) Antarctic Austral Bouvetøya ENVELOPE(3.358,3.358,-54.422,-54.422) Southern Ocean Polar Research 39 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Polar Research (E-Journal) |
op_collection_id |
ftjpolarres |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctic fur seal parapoxvirus Southern elephant seal Southern Ocean wildlife disease zoonosis |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic fur seal parapoxvirus Southern elephant seal Southern Ocean wildlife disease zoonosis Núñez-Egido, Sandra Lowther, Andrew Nymo, Ingebjørg H. Klein, Jörn Breines, Eva M. Tryland, Morten Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
topic_facet |
Antarctic fur seal parapoxvirus Southern elephant seal Southern Ocean wildlife disease zoonosis |
description |
Knowledge of the health status and potential effect of disease outbreaks among Southern Ocean fauna may be decisive for its conservation. We assessed the exposure and infection of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella, AFS) and Southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonine, SES) to parapoxvirus,Phocid alphaherpesvirus-1(PhHV-1), smoothBrucellaspp. andToxoplasma gondii. AFS (n= 65) serum and swab samples, and SES (n= 13) serum samples from the sub--Antarctic island of Bouvetøya (54°25’S, 03°22’E) were collected during two austral summers (2014/15, 2017/18). Three polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests amplifying the DNA polymerase,B2LandGIFparapoxvirus genomic regions were performed, investigating DNA from mucosal swab samples. The glycoprotein B gene was targeted to detect PhHV-1 viral DNA. Sera were assayed forT. gondiiand smoothBrucellaspp.antibodies with indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Parapoxvirus PCR amplicons of the expected size were generated in two of the 29 AFS pups (nasal swabs, 2014/15), targeting theB2L(n= 2) and DNA polymerase (n= 1) genes, whereas theGIFPCR did not amplify target sequences. The PCR amplicons were sequenced and blasted in GenBank, revealing highest similarity with a seal parapoxvirus, confirming the presence of the virus in AFS for the first time. No PhHV-1 amplicons were generated, and antibodies againstT. gondiior smoothBrucellaspp. were not detected. Our data indicate that these seals are host for parapoxvirus but are neither exposed to smoothBrucellaspp. norT. gondii. Evidence of PhHV-1 shedding was not detected. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Núñez-Egido, Sandra Lowther, Andrew Nymo, Ingebjørg H. Klein, Jörn Breines, Eva M. Tryland, Morten |
author_facet |
Núñez-Egido, Sandra Lowther, Andrew Nymo, Ingebjørg H. Klein, Jörn Breines, Eva M. Tryland, Morten |
author_sort |
Núñez-Egido, Sandra |
title |
Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
title_short |
Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
title_full |
Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
title_fullStr |
Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pathogen surveillance in Southern Ocean pinnipeds |
title_sort |
pathogen surveillance in southern ocean pinnipeds |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841 https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v39.3841 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(3.358,3.358,-54.422,-54.422) |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral Bouvetøya Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral Bouvetøya Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bouvetøya Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Polar Research Southern Elephant Seal Southern Elephant Seals Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Fur Seals Arctocephalus gazella Bouvetøya Elephant Seal Elephant Seals Polar Research Southern Elephant Seal Southern Elephant Seals Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Polar Research; Vol 39 (2020) 1751-8369 |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12150 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12148 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12149 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841/12151 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3841 doi:10.33265/polar.v39.3841 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2020 Sandra Núñez-Egido, Andrew Lowther, Ingebjørg H. Nymo, Jörn Klein, Eva M. Breines, Morten Tryland https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.33265/polar.v39.3841 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
39 |
_version_ |
1766271099687927808 |