A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe
Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees an...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2013
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ftjpolarres:oai:journals.openacademia.net:article/3121 2024-09-09T19:43:30+00:00 A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe Helama, Samuli Holopainen, Jari Macias-Fauria, Marc Timonen, Mauri Mielikäinen, Kari 2013-02-26 application/pdf text/html application/epub+zip text/xml https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 eng eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/pdf_1 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/html https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/epub https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/xml https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121 doi:10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 Polar Research; Vol 32 (2013) 1751-8369 Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2013 ftjpolarres https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 2024-06-20T23:33:17Z Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees and subfossil tree remains collected as increment cores and discs, respectively, from an area of northernmost Finnish Lapland (70-68°N to 30-20°E). Calendar year dates when the tree-ring signatures (i.e., growth reductions and reconstructed temperatures) were concurrent were compared with sulphate data from Greenland ice cores. Previous new evidence are in agreement in demonstrating volcanism behind late-Holocene events in 1601 A.D. and 536 A.D., suggesting that the same causal relationship can be implied further back in time. Our data show that earlier events were found to have occurred in the years 330 B.C., 874 B.C., 1464 B.C., 1584 B.C., 2564 B.C. and 2850 B.C. Interestingly, events of lesser magnitude followed the three major events in 542 A.D., 1453 B.C. and 1579 B.C. by a few years. Natural disasters, and grain crop failures, occurred as a result of these events, as has been documented for the summer of 1601 A.D. through Finnish historical data and broadly in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate has surprised humans during historic and likely prehistoric times, causing sudden alterations in agriculture, ecology and economy, and may do so in the future. We argue that the climate change with the most magnified impacts on society may be a negative temperature anomaly that abruptly decreases resource availability over wide spatial scales.Keywords: Geochronology; dendroclimatology; historical agriculture; palaeoclimate volcanism(Published: 26 February 2013)Citation: Polar Research 2013, 32, 15866, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland Polar Research Greenland Polar Research 32 1 15866 |
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Open Polar |
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Polar Research |
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ftjpolarres |
language |
English |
topic |
Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism |
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Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism Helama, Samuli Holopainen, Jari Macias-Fauria, Marc Timonen, Mauri Mielikäinen, Kari A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
topic_facet |
Geochronology dendroclimatology historical agriculture palaeoclimate volcanism |
description |
Geochronological data of the conifer tree rings in a region sensitive to climatic effects of explosive eruptions were analysed for sudden growth reductions in association with extraordinarily cool reconstructed summer temperatures since 5500 B.C. Tree-ring data came from the stems of living trees and subfossil tree remains collected as increment cores and discs, respectively, from an area of northernmost Finnish Lapland (70-68°N to 30-20°E). Calendar year dates when the tree-ring signatures (i.e., growth reductions and reconstructed temperatures) were concurrent were compared with sulphate data from Greenland ice cores. Previous new evidence are in agreement in demonstrating volcanism behind late-Holocene events in 1601 A.D. and 536 A.D., suggesting that the same causal relationship can be implied further back in time. Our data show that earlier events were found to have occurred in the years 330 B.C., 874 B.C., 1464 B.C., 1584 B.C., 2564 B.C. and 2850 B.C. Interestingly, events of lesser magnitude followed the three major events in 542 A.D., 1453 B.C. and 1579 B.C. by a few years. Natural disasters, and grain crop failures, occurred as a result of these events, as has been documented for the summer of 1601 A.D. through Finnish historical data and broadly in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate has surprised humans during historic and likely prehistoric times, causing sudden alterations in agriculture, ecology and economy, and may do so in the future. We argue that the climate change with the most magnified impacts on society may be a negative temperature anomaly that abruptly decreases resource availability over wide spatial scales.Keywords: Geochronology; dendroclimatology; historical agriculture; palaeoclimate volcanism(Published: 26 February 2013)Citation: Polar Research 2013, 32, 15866, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Helama, Samuli Holopainen, Jari Macias-Fauria, Marc Timonen, Mauri Mielikäinen, Kari |
author_facet |
Helama, Samuli Holopainen, Jari Macias-Fauria, Marc Timonen, Mauri Mielikäinen, Kari |
author_sort |
Helama, Samuli |
title |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_short |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_full |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_fullStr |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
A chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- Holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern Europe |
title_sort |
chronology of climatic downturns through the mid- and late- holocene: tracing the distant effects of explosive eruptions from palaeoclimatic and historical evidence in northern europe |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland |
genre_facet |
Greenland Greenland ice cores Polar Research Lapland |
op_source |
Polar Research; Vol 32 (2013) 1751-8369 |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/pdf_1 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/html https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/epub https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121/xml https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3121 doi:10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v32i0.15866 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
32 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
15866 |
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