Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing
We assess the volume change and mass balance of three ice caps in southern Iceland for two periods, 1979/1984 to 1998 and 1998 to 2004, by comparing digital elevation models (DEMs). The ice caps are Eyjafjallajökull (ca. 81 km²), Tindfjallajökull (ca. 15 km²) and Torfajökull (ca. 14 km²). The DEMs w...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2011
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ftjpolarres:oai:journals.openacademia.net:article/3036 2023-05-15T16:09:22+02:00 Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing Gudmundsson, Sverrir Björnsson, Helgi Magnússon, Eyjólfur Berthier, Etienne Pálsson, Finnur Gudmundsson, Magnús Tumi Högnadóttir, Thórdís Dall, Jørgen 2011-07-20 application/pdf text/html application/epub+zip text/xml https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 eng eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/pdf_207 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/html_186 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/6850 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/xml_186 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036 doi:10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research Polar Research; Vol 30 (2011) 1751-8369 Remote sensing glacier mass balance regional warming Eyjafjallajökull Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2011 ftjpolarres https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 2021-11-11T19:13:37Z We assess the volume change and mass balance of three ice caps in southern Iceland for two periods, 1979/1984 to 1998 and 1998 to 2004, by comparing digital elevation models (DEMs). The ice caps are Eyjafjallajökull (ca. 81 km²), Tindfjallajökull (ca. 15 km²) and Torfajökull (ca. 14 km²). The DEMs were compiled using aerial photographs from 1979 to 1984, airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images obtained in 1998 and two image pairs from the SPOT 5 satellite’s high-resolution stereoscopic (HRS) instrument acquired in 2004. The ice-free part of the accurate DEM from 1998 was used as a reference map for co-registration and correction of the vertical offset of the other DEMs. The average specific mass balance was estimated from the mean elevation difference between glaciated areas of the DEMs. The glacier mass balance declined significantly between the two periods: from -0.2 to 0.2 m yr-1 w. eq. during the earlier period (1980s through 1998) to -1.8 to -1.5 m yr-1 w. eq. for the more recent period (1998-2004). The declining mass balance is consistent with increased temperature over the two periods. The low mass balance and the small accumulation area ratio of Tindfjallajökull and Torfajökull indicate that they will disappear if the present-day climate continues. The future lowering rate of Eyjafjallajökull will, however, be influenced by the 2010 subglacial eruption in the Eyjafjallajökull volcano.Keywords: Remote sensing, glacier mass balance, regional warming, Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull, Tindfjallajökull(Published: 20 July 2011)Citation: Polar Research 2011, 30, 7282, DOI:10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 Article in Journal/Newspaper Eyjafjallajökull glacier Iceland Polar Research Polar Research (E-Journal) Torfajökull ENVELOPE(-19.027,-19.027,63.898,63.898) Tindfjallajökull ENVELOPE(-19.590,-19.590,63.796,63.796) Polar Research 30 1 7282 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Polar Research (E-Journal) |
op_collection_id |
ftjpolarres |
language |
English |
topic |
Remote sensing glacier mass balance regional warming Eyjafjallajökull Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull |
spellingShingle |
Remote sensing glacier mass balance regional warming Eyjafjallajökull Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull Gudmundsson, Sverrir Björnsson, Helgi Magnússon, Eyjólfur Berthier, Etienne Pálsson, Finnur Gudmundsson, Magnús Tumi Högnadóttir, Thórdís Dall, Jørgen Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
topic_facet |
Remote sensing glacier mass balance regional warming Eyjafjallajökull Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull |
description |
We assess the volume change and mass balance of three ice caps in southern Iceland for two periods, 1979/1984 to 1998 and 1998 to 2004, by comparing digital elevation models (DEMs). The ice caps are Eyjafjallajökull (ca. 81 km²), Tindfjallajökull (ca. 15 km²) and Torfajökull (ca. 14 km²). The DEMs were compiled using aerial photographs from 1979 to 1984, airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images obtained in 1998 and two image pairs from the SPOT 5 satellite’s high-resolution stereoscopic (HRS) instrument acquired in 2004. The ice-free part of the accurate DEM from 1998 was used as a reference map for co-registration and correction of the vertical offset of the other DEMs. The average specific mass balance was estimated from the mean elevation difference between glaciated areas of the DEMs. The glacier mass balance declined significantly between the two periods: from -0.2 to 0.2 m yr-1 w. eq. during the earlier period (1980s through 1998) to -1.8 to -1.5 m yr-1 w. eq. for the more recent period (1998-2004). The declining mass balance is consistent with increased temperature over the two periods. The low mass balance and the small accumulation area ratio of Tindfjallajökull and Torfajökull indicate that they will disappear if the present-day climate continues. The future lowering rate of Eyjafjallajökull will, however, be influenced by the 2010 subglacial eruption in the Eyjafjallajökull volcano.Keywords: Remote sensing, glacier mass balance, regional warming, Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull, Tindfjallajökull(Published: 20 July 2011)Citation: Polar Research 2011, 30, 7282, DOI:10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gudmundsson, Sverrir Björnsson, Helgi Magnússon, Eyjólfur Berthier, Etienne Pálsson, Finnur Gudmundsson, Magnús Tumi Högnadóttir, Thórdís Dall, Jørgen |
author_facet |
Gudmundsson, Sverrir Björnsson, Helgi Magnússon, Eyjólfur Berthier, Etienne Pálsson, Finnur Gudmundsson, Magnús Tumi Högnadóttir, Thórdís Dall, Jørgen |
author_sort |
Gudmundsson, Sverrir |
title |
Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
title_short |
Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
title_full |
Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
title_fullStr |
Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Response of Eyjafjallajökull, Torfajökull and Tindfjallajökull ice caps in Iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
title_sort |
response of eyjafjallajökull, torfajökull and tindfjallajökull ice caps in iceland to regional warming, deduced by remote sensing |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-19.027,-19.027,63.898,63.898) ENVELOPE(-19.590,-19.590,63.796,63.796) |
geographic |
Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull |
geographic_facet |
Torfajökull Tindfjallajökull |
genre |
Eyjafjallajökull glacier Iceland Polar Research |
genre_facet |
Eyjafjallajökull glacier Iceland Polar Research |
op_source |
Polar Research; Vol 30 (2011) 1751-8369 |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/pdf_207 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/html_186 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/6850 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036/xml_186 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/3036 doi:10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v30i0.7282 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
7282 |
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1766405265216765952 |