Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications)
The mechanisms by :vhich peripheral circulation and respiration serve in maintaining thermal homeostasis in birds living in cold climates are reviewed. Three types of arteriovenous heat exchanger (an elaborate rete, asimple rete, and a venue comirantes system) are found in the legs of birds. The ana...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
2010
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Online Access: | https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 |
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ftjpolarres:oai:journals.openacademia.net:article/2567 2023-05-15T18:02:40+02:00 Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) Johansen, Kjell Bech, Claus 2010-01-01 application/pdf https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 eng eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567/5818 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567 doi:10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research Polar Research; Vol. 1 No. 3 (1983); 259-268 1751-8369 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2010 ftjpolarres https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 2021-11-11T19:12:57Z The mechanisms by :vhich peripheral circulation and respiration serve in maintaining thermal homeostasis in birds living in cold climates are reviewed. Three types of arteriovenous heat exchanger (an elaborate rete, asimple rete, and a venue comirantes system) are found in the legs of birds. The anatomical differences between the different types of A-V associations are described, and the regulation of peripheral blood flow, in respect to maximal heat conservation and prevention of tissue damage, is discussed. A nasal temporal counter current heat exchanger, lowering the temperature of the expired air to values considerably below the body temperature, is the most important mechanism for minimizing the respiratory heat and water loss. In addition, a decreased ventilatory requirement, caused by a changed respiratory pattern and an increased parabronchial oxygen extraction, lowers the amount of air ventilated relative to the amount of oxygen uptake. Thus, the relative loss of heat and water is reduced. Article in Journal/Newspaper Polar Research Polar Research (E-Journal) Polar Research 1 3 259 268 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Polar Research (E-Journal) |
op_collection_id |
ftjpolarres |
language |
English |
description |
The mechanisms by :vhich peripheral circulation and respiration serve in maintaining thermal homeostasis in birds living in cold climates are reviewed. Three types of arteriovenous heat exchanger (an elaborate rete, asimple rete, and a venue comirantes system) are found in the legs of birds. The anatomical differences between the different types of A-V associations are described, and the regulation of peripheral blood flow, in respect to maximal heat conservation and prevention of tissue damage, is discussed. A nasal temporal counter current heat exchanger, lowering the temperature of the expired air to values considerably below the body temperature, is the most important mechanism for minimizing the respiratory heat and water loss. In addition, a decreased ventilatory requirement, caused by a changed respiratory pattern and an increased parabronchial oxygen extraction, lowers the amount of air ventilated relative to the amount of oxygen uptake. Thus, the relative loss of heat and water is reduced. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Johansen, Kjell Bech, Claus |
spellingShingle |
Johansen, Kjell Bech, Claus Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
author_facet |
Johansen, Kjell Bech, Claus |
author_sort |
Johansen, Kjell |
title |
Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
title_short |
Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
title_full |
Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
title_fullStr |
Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
title_sort |
heat conservation during cold exposure in birds (vasomotor and respiratory implications) |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 |
genre |
Polar Research |
genre_facet |
Polar Research |
op_source |
Polar Research; Vol. 1 No. 3 (1983); 259-268 1751-8369 |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567/5818 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2567 doi:10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v1i3.6993 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
1 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
259 |
op_container_end_page |
268 |
_version_ |
1766173109281357824 |