Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom
Ice algal accumulations were recognised by their vertical distribution in the ice, as surface, interior and bottom assemblages. The latter were quantitatively the most important in the Barents Sea and in particular the sub-ice assemblage floating towards, or attached to, the undcr-surface of the sea...
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Norwegian Polar Institute
1991
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ftjpolarres:oai:journals.openacademia.net:article/2317 2023-05-15T15:38:48+02:00 Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom Syvertsen, Erik E. 1991-01-09 application/pdf https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 eng eng Norwegian Polar Institute https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317/5567 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317 doi:10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research Polar Research; Vol. 10 No. 1: Special issue: Proceedings of the Pro Mare Symposium on Polar Marine Ecology. Part 1; 277-288 1751-8369 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 1991 ftjpolarres https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 2021-11-11T19:12:32Z Ice algal accumulations were recognised by their vertical distribution in the ice, as surface, interior and bottom assemblages. The latter were quantitatively the most important in the Barents Sea and in particular the sub-ice assemblage floating towards, or attached to, the undcr-surface of the sea ice. Colonisation of the ice takes place by a “sieving” of the water between closely spaced platelets on the ice under-surface. Once associated with the ice, the assemblage undergoes a succession terminated by the dominance of ice specialists. In a horizontal S-N section through the ice, three distinct zones may be recognised: at the ice edge the recently colonised ice has a layer of algae up to a few millimeters in thickness consisting primarily of planktonic species. Further into older first year ice the algal layer becomes thicker and is typically dominated by the pennate diatom Nilzschia frigida Grunow. Below multi-year ice in the central polar basin decimetre-thick mats of algae are found, consisting almost exclusively of the centric diatom Melosira arclica (Ehrenberg) Dickie and a few associated, mostly epiphytic, species. The predominantly planktonic sub-ice assemblages at the ice edge can grow under stable conditions as soon as the light becomes adequate in the spring, and they are able to multiply actively for one to two months before planktonic growth is possible. The sub-ice plankton assemblage thus forms an inoculum released to the stabilising water when the ice starts melting. This may explain how a phytoplankton bloom can develop explosively at the ice edge as soon as the ice melting commences, at a time when the number of algal cells in the water column is still very low. Article in Journal/Newspaper Barents Sea ice algae Polar Research Sea ice Polar Research (E-Journal) Barents Sea Polar Research 10 1 277 288 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Polar Research (E-Journal) |
op_collection_id |
ftjpolarres |
language |
English |
description |
Ice algal accumulations were recognised by their vertical distribution in the ice, as surface, interior and bottom assemblages. The latter were quantitatively the most important in the Barents Sea and in particular the sub-ice assemblage floating towards, or attached to, the undcr-surface of the sea ice. Colonisation of the ice takes place by a “sieving” of the water between closely spaced platelets on the ice under-surface. Once associated with the ice, the assemblage undergoes a succession terminated by the dominance of ice specialists. In a horizontal S-N section through the ice, three distinct zones may be recognised: at the ice edge the recently colonised ice has a layer of algae up to a few millimeters in thickness consisting primarily of planktonic species. Further into older first year ice the algal layer becomes thicker and is typically dominated by the pennate diatom Nilzschia frigida Grunow. Below multi-year ice in the central polar basin decimetre-thick mats of algae are found, consisting almost exclusively of the centric diatom Melosira arclica (Ehrenberg) Dickie and a few associated, mostly epiphytic, species. The predominantly planktonic sub-ice assemblages at the ice edge can grow under stable conditions as soon as the light becomes adequate in the spring, and they are able to multiply actively for one to two months before planktonic growth is possible. The sub-ice plankton assemblage thus forms an inoculum released to the stabilising water when the ice starts melting. This may explain how a phytoplankton bloom can develop explosively at the ice edge as soon as the ice melting commences, at a time when the number of algal cells in the water column is still very low. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Syvertsen, Erik E. |
spellingShingle |
Syvertsen, Erik E. Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
author_facet |
Syvertsen, Erik E. |
author_sort |
Syvertsen, Erik E. |
title |
Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
title_short |
Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
title_full |
Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
title_fullStr |
Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ice algae in the Barents Sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
title_sort |
ice algae in the barents sea: types of assemblages, origin, fate and role in the ice-edge phytoplankton bloom |
publisher |
Norwegian Polar Institute |
publishDate |
1991 |
url |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317 https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 |
geographic |
Barents Sea |
geographic_facet |
Barents Sea |
genre |
Barents Sea ice algae Polar Research Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Barents Sea ice algae Polar Research Sea ice |
op_source |
Polar Research; Vol. 10 No. 1: Special issue: Proceedings of the Pro Mare Symposium on Polar Marine Ecology. Part 1; 277-288 1751-8369 |
op_relation |
https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317/5567 https://polarresearch.net/index.php/polar/article/view/2317 doi:10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2018 Polar Research |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v10i1.6746 |
container_title |
Polar Research |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
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277 |
op_container_end_page |
288 |
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1766370143341903872 |