Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal
Avian/Bird flu is a viral disease of birds, caused by avian influenza virus (AIV). A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has breached the barrier of species to humans and other animals escalating the pandemic threat. If the H5N1 evolves to a human-to-human transmissible virus retaining its...
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ftjnepaljo:oai:nepjol:article/38647 2023-05-15T15:34:27+02:00 Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal Shrestha, Dhiraj Bhattachan, Balkrishna Parajuli, Hiramani Shrestha, Sujata Nepal 2021-07-31 application/pdf https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647 eng eng Biotechnology Society of Nepal https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647/29727 https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647 Copyright (c) 2021 Biotechnology Society of Nepal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 CC-BY-NC Nepal Journal of Biotechnology; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021); 24-41 2467-9313 2091-1130 Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) Avian Flu Bird Flu H5N1 Nepal info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-Reviewed Review 2021 ftjnepaljo 2021-08-01T18:00:22Z Avian/Bird flu is a viral disease of birds, caused by avian influenza virus (AIV). A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has breached the barrier of species to humans and other animals escalating the pandemic threat. If the H5N1 evolves to a human-to-human transmissible virus retaining its pathogenicity, it can trigger an influenza pandemic. H5N1 has a mortality rate of about 60%, varying with strains. Meaningful antigenic alteration in hemagglutinin (HA) and/or neuraminidase (NA) results in recurring pandemics. The HPAI H5N1 subtype alone has outreached more than 77 nations around the world since the first human case and death was reported in 1997. Wild and migratory birds are the AIV reservoirs. Poultry is primarily impacted by incidents and outbreaks of the disease. A wide range of serological and molecular methods have substantially aided in the identification of bird flu in humans. Candidate vaccines have been developed, yet are not ready for widespread use. Oseltamivir (brand name: Tamiflu) is the preferred drug for the management of human Influenza-like illness (ILI). Surveillance, mass awareness, and pandemic preparedness abiding WHO recommendations are of paramount importance for the prevention of bird flu outbreaks. Article in Journal/Newspaper Avian flu Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL) |
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Open Polar |
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Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL) |
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ftjnepaljo |
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English |
topic |
Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) Avian Flu Bird Flu H5N1 Nepal |
spellingShingle |
Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) Avian Flu Bird Flu H5N1 Nepal Shrestha, Dhiraj Bhattachan, Balkrishna Parajuli, Hiramani Shrestha, Sujata Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
topic_facet |
Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) Avian Flu Bird Flu H5N1 Nepal |
description |
Avian/Bird flu is a viral disease of birds, caused by avian influenza virus (AIV). A highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 has breached the barrier of species to humans and other animals escalating the pandemic threat. If the H5N1 evolves to a human-to-human transmissible virus retaining its pathogenicity, it can trigger an influenza pandemic. H5N1 has a mortality rate of about 60%, varying with strains. Meaningful antigenic alteration in hemagglutinin (HA) and/or neuraminidase (NA) results in recurring pandemics. The HPAI H5N1 subtype alone has outreached more than 77 nations around the world since the first human case and death was reported in 1997. Wild and migratory birds are the AIV reservoirs. Poultry is primarily impacted by incidents and outbreaks of the disease. A wide range of serological and molecular methods have substantially aided in the identification of bird flu in humans. Candidate vaccines have been developed, yet are not ready for widespread use. Oseltamivir (brand name: Tamiflu) is the preferred drug for the management of human Influenza-like illness (ILI). Surveillance, mass awareness, and pandemic preparedness abiding WHO recommendations are of paramount importance for the prevention of bird flu outbreaks. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Shrestha, Dhiraj Bhattachan, Balkrishna Parajuli, Hiramani Shrestha, Sujata |
author_facet |
Shrestha, Dhiraj Bhattachan, Balkrishna Parajuli, Hiramani Shrestha, Sujata |
author_sort |
Shrestha, Dhiraj |
title |
Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
title_short |
Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
title_full |
Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
title_fullStr |
Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Avian/Bird flu: A review: H5N1 outbreaks in Nepal |
title_sort |
avian/bird flu: a review: h5n1 outbreaks in nepal |
publisher |
Biotechnology Society of Nepal |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647 |
op_coverage |
Nepal |
genre |
Avian flu |
genre_facet |
Avian flu |
op_source |
Nepal Journal of Biotechnology; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021); 24-41 2467-9313 2091-1130 |
op_relation |
https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647/29727 https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJB/article/view/38647 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2021 Biotechnology Society of Nepal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC |
_version_ |
1766364839523909632 |