Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding
Data of ground-based radio-echo sounding of 16 glaciers located on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, carried out in springs of 1999, 2007 and 2010–2013, allowed defining five glaciers as of the cold thermal type while other eleven ones were polythermal glaciers. In the last ones (polythermal) the...
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ftjias:oai:oai.ice.elpub.ru:article/557 |
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Open Polar |
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Ice and Snow (E-Journal) |
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ftjias |
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Russian |
topic |
cold and temperate ice glaciers ground-based radio-echo sounding Svalbard ледники наземное радиозондирование холодный и тёплый лёд Шпицберген |
spellingShingle |
cold and temperate ice glaciers ground-based radio-echo sounding Svalbard ледники наземное радиозондирование холодный и тёплый лёд Шпицберген Yu. Macheret Ya. A. Glazovsky F. I. Lavrentiev I. I. Marchuk O. Ю. Мачерет Я. А. Глазовский Ф. И. Лаврентьев И. И. Марчук О. Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
topic_facet |
cold and temperate ice glaciers ground-based radio-echo sounding Svalbard ледники наземное радиозондирование холодный и тёплый лёд Шпицберген |
description |
Data of ground-based radio-echo sounding of 16 glaciers located on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, carried out in springs of 1999, 2007 and 2010–2013, allowed defining five glaciers as of the cold thermal type while other eleven ones were polythermal glaciers. In the last ones (polythermal) the average thickness of the upper layer of cold ice and the bottom layer of temperate ice was equal to 11-66 m and 15-96 m, respectively. The ratio of these thicknesses varies from 0.32 to 2.28, and the volume fraction of temperate ice in the total volume of the glaciers varies from 1 to 74% and changes from 0 to 50% in the ablation zone up to 80% in the accumulation zone. Thickness of cold ice was determined by measured delay time of radar reflections from cold-temperate surface (CTS) while thickness of temperate ice was derived as a difference between the total thickness of the glacier and the thickness of its cold ice. For interpretation of radar reflections from CTS we used the noticeable distinction in character of the radar reflections from the upper and lower thicknesses of glacier: absence of internal reflections (excluding reflections from buried crevasses and glacier wells) from upper cold ice layer and a great number of reflections of hyperbolic form from the lower layer related to strong scattering of radio waves by water inclusions in the temperate ice. According to the measurements, relative power of the radar reflections from CTS is by 5,5–14,2 dB smaller than those from the bedrock, that can be considered as an indicator of smaller water content at CTS; so, the repeated measurements of their relative power can be used for estimation of temporal changes in the water content at these boundaries. In layers of the temperate ice, the series of vertical hyperbolic reflections penetrating the cold ice down to CTS and further to the bedrock were detected. Such reflections are related to buried crevasses and/or the glacier wells and can serve as sources of the water permeating during the melt periods from the ... |
author2 |
This work was supported by the Statе contract № 0148-2019-0004 (АААА-А19119022190172-5). Cartographic work was carried out under the grant RFBR № 18-05-60067 Статья подготовлена по теме Государственного задания № 0148-2019-0004 (АААА-А19-119022190172-5). Картографические работы проводились в рамках гранта РФФИ № 18-05-60067 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yu. Macheret Ya. A. Glazovsky F. I. Lavrentiev I. I. Marchuk O. Ю. Мачерет Я. А. Глазовский Ф. И. Лаврентьев И. И. Марчук О. |
author_facet |
Yu. Macheret Ya. A. Glazovsky F. I. Lavrentiev I. I. Marchuk O. Ю. Мачерет Я. А. Глазовский Ф. И. Лаврентьев И. И. Марчук О. |
author_sort |
Yu. Macheret Ya. |
title |
Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
title_short |
Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
title_full |
Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
title_fullStr |
Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
title_sort |
distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the nordenskiold land, spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding |
publisher |
IGRAS |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/557 https://doi.org/10.15356/20766734-2019-2-430 |
geographic |
Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Svalbard |
genre |
Annals of Glaciology Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic glacier Polar Research Polar Science Polar Science Svalbard The Cryosphere Spitsbergen |
genre_facet |
Annals of Glaciology Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic glacier Polar Research Polar Science Polar Science Svalbard The Cryosphere Spitsbergen |
op_source |
Ice and Snow; Том 59, № 2 (2019); 149-166 Лёд и Снег; Том 59, № 2 (2019); 149-166 2412-3765 2076-6734 10.15356/2076-6734-2019-2 |
op_relation |
https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/557/310 Duval P. The role of water content on the creep of polycrystalline ice. In: Isotopes and impurities in snow and ice // Proc. of IAHS Publication. 1977. № 118. P.29–33. Fowler A.C., Larson D.A. On the flow of polythermal glaciers. Part I: model and preliminary analysis // Proc. of the Royal Society of London. 1978. Ser.A. V.363. № 1713. P.217–242. Hutter K. A mathematical model of polythermal glaciers and ice sheets // Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 1982. V.21. № 3–4. P.201–224. Fowler A.C. On the transport of moisture in polythermal glaciers // Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 1984. V.28. № 2. P.99–140. Hutter K., Blatter H., Funk M. A model computation of moisture content in polythermal glaciers // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 1988. 93 (BIO). P.12205–12214. Blatter H., Hutter K. Polythermal conditions in Arctic glaciers // Journ. of Glaciology. 1991. V.37. № 126. P.261–269. Hutter K. Thermo-mechanically coupled ice-sheet responsecold, polythermal, temperate // Journ. of Glaciolology. 1993. V.39. № 131. P.65–86. Aschwanden A., Blatter H. Meltwater production due to strain heating in Storglaciaren, Sweden // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 2005. V.110 (F4). F04024. doi:10.1029/2005JF000328. Aschwanden A., Blatter H. Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of polythermal glaciers // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 2009. V.114 (F1). F01027. doi:10.1029/2008JF001028. Aschwanden A., Bueller E., Khroulev C., Blatter H. An enthalpy formulation for glaciers and ice sheets // Journ. of Glaciology. 2012. V.58. № 209. P.441–457. doi:10.3189/2012JoG11J088441. Blatter H., Greve R. Comparison and verification of enthalpy schemes for polythermal glaciers and ice sheets with a one-dimensional model // Polar Science. 2015. V.9. P.197–207. Hewitt J., Schoof C. Models for polythermal ice sheets and glaciers // The Cryosphere Discuss. 2016. doi:10.5194/tc-2016-240. Lapazaran J.J. 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ftjias:oai:oai.ice.elpub.ru:article/557 2023-05-15T13:29:51+02:00 Distribution of cold and temperate ice in glaciers on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, from ground-based radio-echo sounding Распределение холодного и тёплого льда в ледниках на Земле Норденшельда (Шпицберген) по данным наземного радиозондирования Yu. Macheret Ya. A. Glazovsky F. I. Lavrentiev I. I. Marchuk O. Ю. Мачерет Я. А. Глазовский Ф. И. Лаврентьев И. И. Марчук О. This work was supported by the Statе contract № 0148-2019-0004 (АААА-А19119022190172-5). Cartographic work was carried out under the grant RFBR № 18-05-60067 Статья подготовлена по теме Государственного задания № 0148-2019-0004 (АААА-А19-119022190172-5). Картографические работы проводились в рамках гранта РФФИ № 18-05-60067 2019-06-10 application/pdf https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/557 https://doi.org/10.15356/20766734-2019-2-430 rus rus IGRAS https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/557/310 Duval P. The role of water content on the creep of polycrystalline ice. In: Isotopes and impurities in snow and ice // Proc. of IAHS Publication. 1977. № 118. P.29–33. Fowler A.C., Larson D.A. On the flow of polythermal glaciers. Part I: model and preliminary analysis // Proc. of the Royal Society of London. 1978. Ser.A. V.363. № 1713. P.217–242. Hutter K. A mathematical model of polythermal glaciers and ice sheets // Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 1982. V.21. № 3–4. P.201–224. Fowler A.C. On the transport of moisture in polythermal glaciers // Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn. 1984. V.28. № 2. P.99–140. Hutter K., Blatter H., Funk M. A model computation of moisture content in polythermal glaciers // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 1988. 93 (BIO). P.12205–12214. Blatter H., Hutter K. Polythermal conditions in Arctic glaciers // Journ. of Glaciology. 1991. V.37. № 126. P.261–269. Hutter K. Thermo-mechanically coupled ice-sheet responsecold, polythermal, temperate // Journ. of Glaciolology. 1993. V.39. № 131. P.65–86. Aschwanden A., Blatter H. Meltwater production due to strain heating in Storglaciaren, Sweden // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 2005. V.110 (F4). F04024. doi:10.1029/2005JF000328. Aschwanden A., Blatter H. Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of polythermal glaciers // Journ. of Geophys. Research. 2009. V.114 (F1). F01027. doi:10.1029/2008JF001028. Aschwanden A., Bueller E., Khroulev C., Blatter H. An enthalpy formulation for glaciers and ice sheets // Journ. of Glaciology. 2012. V.58. № 209. P.441–457. doi:10.3189/2012JoG11J088441. Blatter H., Greve R. Comparison and verification of enthalpy schemes for polythermal glaciers and ice sheets with a one-dimensional model // Polar Science. 2015. V.9. P.197–207. Hewitt J., Schoof C. Models for polythermal ice sheets and glaciers // The Cryosphere Discuss. 2016. doi:10.5194/tc-2016-240. Lapazaran J.J. Otero J., Martin-Espanol A., Navarro F.J. On the errors involved in ice-thickness estimates I: Ground-penetrating radar measurement errors // Journ. of Glaciology. 2016. V.62. № 236. P.1008– 1020. doi:10.1017/jog.2016.93. Глазовский А.Ф., Мачерет Ю.Я. Вода в ледниках. Методы и результаты геофизических и дистанционных исследований. М.: Изд‑во ГЕОС, 2014. 528 с. Budd W.F. A first model for periodically self-surging glaciers // Journ. of Glaciology. 1975. V.14. № 70. P.3–21. Fountain. A.G., Walder J.S. Water flow through temperate glaciers // Reviews of Geophysics. 1998. V.36. № 3. P.299–328. Catania G.A, Neumann T.A., Price S.F. Characterizing englacial drainage in the ablation zone of the Greenland ice sheet // Journ. of Glaciology. 2008. V.54. № 187. P.567–578. Phillips T., Rajaram H., Steffen K. Cryo-hydrologic warming: a potential mechanism for rapid thermal response of ice sheets // Geophys. Research Letters. 2010. V.37. L20503. doi:10.1029/2010GL044397. RGI Consortium, 2017. 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CC-BY Ice and Snow; Том 59, № 2 (2019); 149-166 Лёд и Снег; Том 59, № 2 (2019); 149-166 2412-3765 2076-6734 10.15356/2076-6734-2019-2 cold and temperate ice glaciers ground-based radio-echo sounding Svalbard ледники наземное радиозондирование холодный и тёплый лёд Шпицберген info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2019 ftjias https://doi.org/10.15356/20766734-2019-2-430 https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2019-2 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JF000328 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JF001028 https://doi.org/10.3189/2012JoG11J088441 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2016-240 https 2022-12-20T13:30:01Z Data of ground-based radio-echo sounding of 16 glaciers located on the Nordenskiold Land, Spitsbergen, carried out in springs of 1999, 2007 and 2010–2013, allowed defining five glaciers as of the cold thermal type while other eleven ones were polythermal glaciers. In the last ones (polythermal) the average thickness of the upper layer of cold ice and the bottom layer of temperate ice was equal to 11-66 m and 15-96 m, respectively. The ratio of these thicknesses varies from 0.32 to 2.28, and the volume fraction of temperate ice in the total volume of the glaciers varies from 1 to 74% and changes from 0 to 50% in the ablation zone up to 80% in the accumulation zone. Thickness of cold ice was determined by measured delay time of radar reflections from cold-temperate surface (CTS) while thickness of temperate ice was derived as a difference between the total thickness of the glacier and the thickness of its cold ice. For interpretation of radar reflections from CTS we used the noticeable distinction in character of the radar reflections from the upper and lower thicknesses of glacier: absence of internal reflections (excluding reflections from buried crevasses and glacier wells) from upper cold ice layer and a great number of reflections of hyperbolic form from the lower layer related to strong scattering of radio waves by water inclusions in the temperate ice. According to the measurements, relative power of the radar reflections from CTS is by 5,5–14,2 dB smaller than those from the bedrock, that can be considered as an indicator of smaller water content at CTS; so, the repeated measurements of their relative power can be used for estimation of temporal changes in the water content at these boundaries. In layers of the temperate ice, the series of vertical hyperbolic reflections penetrating the cold ice down to CTS and further to the bedrock were detected. Such reflections are related to buried crevasses and/or the glacier wells and can serve as sources of the water permeating during the melt periods from the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Annals of Glaciology Antarctic and Alpine Research Arctic glacier Polar Research Polar Science Polar Science Svalbard The Cryosphere Spitsbergen Ice and Snow (E-Journal) Svalbard Ice and Snow 59 2 149 166 |