Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia
Natural differences in the regional development of Russia are presented in many legislative acts dedicated to the Russian Far North. In contrast, the unique nature and complexity of mountainous and high-mountain territories are protected only by a few regional acts. The reason for this lies in the c...
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Russian Geographical Society
2022
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Geography, Environment, Sustainability (E-Journal) |
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English |
topic |
Russia northern regions Arctic mountain territories regional development institutionalisation |
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Russia northern regions Arctic mountain territories regional development institutionalisation Yuri Golubchikov N. Alexey Gunya N. Matthias Schmidt Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
topic_facet |
Russia northern regions Arctic mountain territories regional development institutionalisation |
description |
Natural differences in the regional development of Russia are presented in many legislative acts dedicated to the Russian Far North. In contrast, the unique nature and complexity of mountainous and high-mountain territories are protected only by a few regional acts. The reason for this lies in the complexity and multicomponent criteria required for assigning these territories the status of protected areas and in the fact that their boundaries do not correspond with administrative boundaries. The main materials underlying the article are legal documents (regulations, laws, etc.) concerning the institutionalization of the northern and mountainous territories. A comparative analysis of regional policy in relation to mountainous and northern territories takes into account similar criteria, such as vegetation types and patterns, forest borders or crop frontiers. Almost two-thirds of the territory of Russia refers to the North and more than half of the territory is occupied by mountains. The first attempts to institutionalize the North were undertaken in the 1930s, while the programmes for the development of mountainous territories gained legal support only at the end of 20th century and only in some regions. The most important difference between the institutionalization of the North and the mountains is the fact that the state initiated the creation of special legal conditions for the North. In the case of the mountains, the initiator was the public, initially at the regional level. Currently, three constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopted laws on mountain areas, but so far there are no all-Russian laws. The main lobbyists are the North Caucasian regions, while the Siberian regions (with the exception of the Altai Republic) are rather passive in discussing mountain issues. The elaborated legislation for the North seems to be closely related to the potential and realised income from natural resource extraction. For this reason, corresponding legislation for the mountain regions is not expected particularly soon, due to the lack of legal resources. Efforts aimed to provide legal support for mechanisms that compensate the socio-economic discrepancies between mountainous areas and more developed “flat places” should take into account the experience of institutionalizing the Northern territories of the Russian Federation. |
author2 |
Part of the work was executed within the framework of the State task FMGE-2019-0007 “Assessment of physiographic, hydrological, and biotic environmental changes and their impacts on the foundation of sustainable resource management” (AAAA-A19-119021990093-8) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yuri Golubchikov N. Alexey Gunya N. Matthias Schmidt |
author_facet |
Yuri Golubchikov N. Alexey Gunya N. Matthias Schmidt |
author_sort |
Yuri Golubchikov N. |
title |
Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
title_short |
Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
title_full |
Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
title_fullStr |
Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia |
title_sort |
natural differences in the legal dimension: institutionalisation of the northern and mountain regions of russia |
publisher |
Russian Geographical Society |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325 https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-084 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic |
op_source |
GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY; Vol 15, No 1 (2022); 53-60 2542-1565 2071-9388 |
op_relation |
https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325/625 Adler C., Balsiger J., Grêt-Regamey A., Heinimann A., Huggel C., Weingartner R., Alcántara-Ayala I., Gebrekirstos A., Grau R., Jimenez Zamora E. (2020). Making connections for our changing mountains: Future directions for the mountain research initiative, Mountain Research and Development, 40 (1), 1–6, DOI:10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-20-00054.1. Agnew J. A. (2013). Arguing with Regions, Regional Studies, 47(1), 6–17. Agranat G.A. (2007). “Russian North” in life and in books (abstract and analytical review, Geography at school, No. 4, 7–13 (in Russian). Castelein A., Dinh T.T.V, Mekouar A., Villeneuve A. (2006). Mountains and the law: emerging trends, Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. De Vreese C. H. (2012). New Avenues for Framing Research, American Behavioral Scientist, No. 56(3), 365–375. Debarbieux B., Price MF. (2012). Mountain regions: A global common good? Mountain Research and Development, 32(1), 7–11. Debarbieux B. (2012). How regional is regional environmental governance? Global Environmental Politics, No. 12(3), 119–126. Dörrenbächer P. (1998). Baie James: Institutionalisierung einer indigenen Region, Erdkunde, 52(4), 301–313. Galinovskaya E.A. (2020). Problems of state and legal support for sustainable development of mountainous regions of Russia, Issues of state and municipal administration, 1, 166–196 (in Russian with English summary). Golubchikov Yu.N. (1992). Modern periglacial nature in connection with the problems of its development, Bulletin of Moscow University, series 5 Geography, 3, 3–9 (in Russian with English summary). Golubchikov Yu.N. (1996). Geography of mountainous and polar countries. Moscow. Moscow State University (in Russian). Golubchikov Yu.N. (2015). Modern periglacial natural environment and its humanitarian and geographical features, Earth’s Cryosphere, Volume 19, 3, 3–9 (in Russian with English summary). Gunya A. (2013). Institutional restructuring of geographic space: the impact of land privatization on the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus, Palmarium Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken (in Russian with English summary). Gunya A. (2017). Land Reforms in Post-Socialist Mountain Regions and their Impact on Land Use Management: a Case Study from the Caucasus, Journal of Alpine Research %7C Revue de géographie alpine [En ligne], 105–1 %7C 2017, mis en ligne le 07 mars 2017, consulté le 06 avril 2017, DOI:10.4000/rga.3563. Katorin I.V. (2016). Features of the institutionalization of the Arctic zone of Russia, Territory development problems, No. 5 (85), 191–200 (in Russian with English summary). Kotlyakov VM, Badenkov Yu.P. (1999). Foreword, Mountains of the World. Global priority, Moscow, Noosphere, vii – ix. (in Russian with English summary). Kotlyakov V.M., Badenkov Yu.P., Chistyakov K.V. (eds.). (2014). Mountain research. Mountain regions of northern Eurasia. Development in the context of global changes, Issues of geography, Ed. 137, Russian Geographical Society, Moscow, Publishing house Kodeks (in Russian with English summary). Laruelle M. (2012). Larger, Higher, Farther North … Geographical Metanarratives of the Nation in Russia, Eurasian Geography and Economics, 53, No. 5, 557–574, DOI:10.2747/1539-7216.53.5.557. Lindner P. (1998). Zur geographischen Relevanz einer institution-orientierten Analyse von Industrialisierungsprozessen, Geographische Zeitschrift, 86, Heft 4, 1998, 210–224. Lukin Yu.F. (2013). The Russian Arctic in a Changing World, North (Arctic) Federal university of Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, CPC NArFU (in Russian with English summary). Mountain Areas in Europe: Analysis of mountain areas in EU member states, acceding and other European countries. (2004). Final report for the European Commission. Nordic centre for spatial development. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/montagne/mount1.pdf. [Accessed 28 July 2021]. Paasi A. (1986). The institutionalization of regions: a theoretical framework for understanding the emergence of regions and the constitution of regional identity, Fennia, 164, 105–146. Paasi A. (2010). Regions are social constructs, but who or what `constructs’ them? Agency in question, Environment and Planning, 42, 2296–2301. Pilyasov A.N. (2020). Arctic entrepreneurship development factors. Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 13(1), 46–56, DOI:10.24057/2071-9388-2019-91 Report of the Committee of the Regions on ‘Community action for mountain areas’. (2003). Official Journal of the European Union. P 128/05. Samoilova G.S. (1999). Morphometric analysis of mountainous territories of Russia, Izvestiya RAS, geographical series, No. 2, 110–113 (in Russian with English summary). Savchenko A.B., Treivish A.I. (2017). Historical and geographical features of the development of the northern and arctic territories of Russia in the 17th–19th centuries, Izvestiya RAS, geographical series, 3, 90–102 (in Russian with English summary). Schmidt M. (2017). Human Geography of Post-Socialist Mountain Regions, Journal of Alpine Research %7C Revue de géographie alpine. 2017, 105–1 15 mars 2017, DOI:10.4000/rga.3573. Schmidt M., Stadelbauer J. (2017). Humangeographische Forschungen zu (post)sowjetischen Hochgebirgen, Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 159. Jg. (Jahresband), Wien, 55–81. TTreves T., Pineschi L. and Fodella A. (eds.). (2004). Sustainable Development of Mountain Areas – Legal Perspectives beyond Rio and Johannesburg, University of Milan, Milano. White Book 2000 on Mountain Forests in Europe. European Observatory of Mountain Forests. (2000). European Union DG Agriculture and EOMF, Saint Jean d’Arvey. Zamyatina N.Yu., Pilyasov A.N. (2018). Russian Arctic: Towards a New Understanding of Development Processes. Moscow, URSS. (in Russian). Zaydfudim P.Kh., Golubchikov S.N. (2003). Introduction to Russian Northern Studies. Moscow, ART (in Russian). https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325 doi:10.24057/2071-9388-2021-084 |
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Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).The information and opinions presented in the Journal reflect the views of the authors and not of the Journal or its Editorial Board or the Publisher. The GES Journal has used its best endeavors to ensure that the information is correct and current at the time of publication but takes no responsibility for any error, omission, or defect therein. Авторы, публикующие в данном журнале, соглашаются со следующим:Авторы сохраняют за собой авторские права на работу и предоставляют журналу право первой публикации работы на условиях лицензии Creative Commons Attribution License, которая позволяет другим распространять данную работу с обязательным сохранением ссылок на авторов оригинальной работы и оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы сохраняют право заключать отдельные контрактные договорённости, касающиеся не-эксклюзивного распространения версии работы в опубликованном здесь виде (например, размещение ее в институтском хранилище, публикацию в книге), со ссылкой на ее оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы имеют право размещать их работу |
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ftjges:oai:oai.gesj.elpub.ru:article/2325 2023-05-15T14:28:08+02:00 Natural Differences in the Legal Dimension: Institutionalisation of the Northern and Mountain Regions of Russia Yuri Golubchikov N. Alexey Gunya N. Matthias Schmidt Part of the work was executed within the framework of the State task FMGE-2019-0007 “Assessment of physiographic, hydrological, and biotic environmental changes and their impacts on the foundation of sustainable resource management” (AAAA-A19-119021990093-8) 2022-03-28 application/pdf https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325 https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-084 eng eng Russian Geographical Society https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325/625 Adler C., Balsiger J., Grêt-Regamey A., Heinimann A., Huggel C., Weingartner R., Alcántara-Ayala I., Gebrekirstos A., Grau R., Jimenez Zamora E. (2020). Making connections for our changing mountains: Future directions for the mountain research initiative, Mountain Research and Development, 40 (1), 1–6, DOI:10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-20-00054.1. Agnew J. A. (2013). Arguing with Regions, Regional Studies, 47(1), 6–17. Agranat G.A. (2007). “Russian North” in life and in books (abstract and analytical review, Geography at school, No. 4, 7–13 (in Russian). Castelein A., Dinh T.T.V, Mekouar A., Villeneuve A. (2006). Mountains and the law: emerging trends, Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. De Vreese C. H. (2012). New Avenues for Framing Research, American Behavioral Scientist, No. 56(3), 365–375. Debarbieux B., Price MF. (2012). Mountain regions: A global common good? Mountain Research and Development, 32(1), 7–11. Debarbieux B. (2012). How regional is regional environmental governance? Global Environmental Politics, No. 12(3), 119–126. Dörrenbächer P. (1998). Baie James: Institutionalisierung einer indigenen Region, Erdkunde, 52(4), 301–313. Galinovskaya E.A. (2020). Problems of state and legal support for sustainable development of mountainous regions of Russia, Issues of state and municipal administration, 1, 166–196 (in Russian with English summary). Golubchikov Yu.N. (1992). Modern periglacial nature in connection with the problems of its development, Bulletin of Moscow University, series 5 Geography, 3, 3–9 (in Russian with English summary). Golubchikov Yu.N. (1996). Geography of mountainous and polar countries. Moscow. Moscow State University (in Russian). Golubchikov Yu.N. (2015). Modern periglacial natural environment and its humanitarian and geographical features, Earth’s Cryosphere, Volume 19, 3, 3–9 (in Russian with English summary). Gunya A. (2013). Institutional restructuring of geographic space: the impact of land privatization on the mountainous landscapes of the North Caucasus, Palmarium Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken (in Russian with English summary). Gunya A. (2017). Land Reforms in Post-Socialist Mountain Regions and their Impact on Land Use Management: a Case Study from the Caucasus, Journal of Alpine Research %7C Revue de géographie alpine [En ligne], 105–1 %7C 2017, mis en ligne le 07 mars 2017, consulté le 06 avril 2017, DOI:10.4000/rga.3563. Katorin I.V. (2016). Features of the institutionalization of the Arctic zone of Russia, Territory development problems, No. 5 (85), 191–200 (in Russian with English summary). Kotlyakov VM, Badenkov Yu.P. (1999). Foreword, Mountains of the World. Global priority, Moscow, Noosphere, vii – ix. (in Russian with English summary). Kotlyakov V.M., Badenkov Yu.P., Chistyakov K.V. (eds.). (2014). Mountain research. Mountain regions of northern Eurasia. Development in the context of global changes, Issues of geography, Ed. 137, Russian Geographical Society, Moscow, Publishing house Kodeks (in Russian with English summary). Laruelle M. (2012). Larger, Higher, Farther North … Geographical Metanarratives of the Nation in Russia, Eurasian Geography and Economics, 53, No. 5, 557–574, DOI:10.2747/1539-7216.53.5.557. Lindner P. (1998). Zur geographischen Relevanz einer institution-orientierten Analyse von Industrialisierungsprozessen, Geographische Zeitschrift, 86, Heft 4, 1998, 210–224. Lukin Yu.F. (2013). The Russian Arctic in a Changing World, North (Arctic) Federal university of Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, CPC NArFU (in Russian with English summary). Mountain Areas in Europe: Analysis of mountain areas in EU member states, acceding and other European countries. (2004). Final report for the European Commission. Nordic centre for spatial development. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/montagne/mount1.pdf. [Accessed 28 July 2021]. Paasi A. (1986). The institutionalization of regions: a theoretical framework for understanding the emergence of regions and the constitution of regional identity, Fennia, 164, 105–146. Paasi A. (2010). Regions are social constructs, but who or what `constructs’ them? Agency in question, Environment and Planning, 42, 2296–2301. Pilyasov A.N. (2020). Arctic entrepreneurship development factors. Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 13(1), 46–56, DOI:10.24057/2071-9388-2019-91 Report of the Committee of the Regions on ‘Community action for mountain areas’. (2003). Official Journal of the European Union. P 128/05. Samoilova G.S. (1999). Morphometric analysis of mountainous territories of Russia, Izvestiya RAS, geographical series, No. 2, 110–113 (in Russian with English summary). Savchenko A.B., Treivish A.I. (2017). Historical and geographical features of the development of the northern and arctic territories of Russia in the 17th–19th centuries, Izvestiya RAS, geographical series, 3, 90–102 (in Russian with English summary). Schmidt M. (2017). Human Geography of Post-Socialist Mountain Regions, Journal of Alpine Research %7C Revue de géographie alpine. 2017, 105–1 15 mars 2017, DOI:10.4000/rga.3573. Schmidt M., Stadelbauer J. (2017). Humangeographische Forschungen zu (post)sowjetischen Hochgebirgen, Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 159. Jg. (Jahresband), Wien, 55–81. TTreves T., Pineschi L. and Fodella A. (eds.). (2004). Sustainable Development of Mountain Areas – Legal Perspectives beyond Rio and Johannesburg, University of Milan, Milano. White Book 2000 on Mountain Forests in Europe. European Observatory of Mountain Forests. (2000). European Union DG Agriculture and EOMF, Saint Jean d’Arvey. Zamyatina N.Yu., Pilyasov A.N. (2018). Russian Arctic: Towards a New Understanding of Development Processes. Moscow, URSS. (in Russian). Zaydfudim P.Kh., Golubchikov S.N. (2003). Introduction to Russian Northern Studies. Moscow, ART (in Russian). https://ges.rgo.ru/jour/article/view/2325 doi:10.24057/2071-9388-2021-084 Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).The information and opinions presented in the Journal reflect the views of the authors and not of the Journal or its Editorial Board or the Publisher. The GES Journal has used its best endeavors to ensure that the information is correct and current at the time of publication but takes no responsibility for any error, omission, or defect therein. Авторы, публикующие в данном журнале, соглашаются со следующим:Авторы сохраняют за собой авторские права на работу и предоставляют журналу право первой публикации работы на условиях лицензии Creative Commons Attribution License, которая позволяет другим распространять данную работу с обязательным сохранением ссылок на авторов оригинальной работы и оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы сохраняют право заключать отдельные контрактные договорённости, касающиеся не-эксклюзивного распространения версии работы в опубликованном здесь виде (например, размещение ее в институтском хранилище, публикацию в книге), со ссылкой на ее оригинальную публикацию в этом журнале.Авторы имеют право размещать их работу CC-BY GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY; Vol 15, No 1 (2022); 53-60 2542-1565 2071-9388 Russia northern regions Arctic mountain territories regional development institutionalisation info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftjges https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2021-084 https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-20-00054.1 https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.3563 https://doi.org/10.2747/1539-7216.53.5.557 https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-91 https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.3573 2022-04-05T16:45:34Z Natural differences in the regional development of Russia are presented in many legislative acts dedicated to the Russian Far North. In contrast, the unique nature and complexity of mountainous and high-mountain territories are protected only by a few regional acts. The reason for this lies in the complexity and multicomponent criteria required for assigning these territories the status of protected areas and in the fact that their boundaries do not correspond with administrative boundaries. The main materials underlying the article are legal documents (regulations, laws, etc.) concerning the institutionalization of the northern and mountainous territories. A comparative analysis of regional policy in relation to mountainous and northern territories takes into account similar criteria, such as vegetation types and patterns, forest borders or crop frontiers. Almost two-thirds of the territory of Russia refers to the North and more than half of the territory is occupied by mountains. The first attempts to institutionalize the North were undertaken in the 1930s, while the programmes for the development of mountainous territories gained legal support only at the end of 20th century and only in some regions. The most important difference between the institutionalization of the North and the mountains is the fact that the state initiated the creation of special legal conditions for the North. In the case of the mountains, the initiator was the public, initially at the regional level. Currently, three constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopted laws on mountain areas, but so far there are no all-Russian laws. The main lobbyists are the North Caucasian regions, while the Siberian regions (with the exception of the Altai Republic) are rather passive in discussing mountain issues. The elaborated legislation for the North seems to be closely related to the potential and realised income from natural resource extraction. For this reason, corresponding legislation for the mountain regions is not expected particularly soon, due to the lack of legal resources. Efforts aimed to provide legal support for mechanisms that compensate the socio-economic discrepancies between mountainous areas and more developed “flat places” should take into account the experience of institutionalizing the Northern territories of the Russian Federation. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Geography, Environment, Sustainability (E-Journal) Arctic GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 15 1 53 60 |