An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964
In the late 1950s, the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests commenced an experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning program in northern Ontario, the results of which were documented in a series of unpublished reports. Most projects consisted of distributing baits poisoned with strychnine on f...
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ftjcfn:oai:canadianfieldnaturalist.ca:article/2293 2023-05-15T15:49:57+02:00 An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 Harris, Allan G. Armstrong, Ted (Edward) R. 2021-10-03 application/pdf https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293 https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 eng eng The Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293/2697 https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293 doi:10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 Copyright (c) 2021 The Canadian Field-Naturalist The Canadian Field-Naturalist; Vol. 135 No. 2 (2021); 142-152 0008-3550 Predator control poison strychnine Ontario Gray Wolf Common Raven Red Fox non-target mortality info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2021 ftjcfn https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 2022-01-23T18:29:06Z In the late 1950s, the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests commenced an experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning program in northern Ontario, the results of which were documented in a series of unpublished reports. Most projects consisted of distributing baits poisoned with strychnine on frozen lakes in late winter; 12 were conducted by district staff and typically consisted of <10 bait stations monitored for two to four months. An intensive three-year program was completed in the Allanwater area, about 250 km north of Thunder Bay, where up to 56 bait stations were distributed on a grid covering >25 000 km2. Thirty eight wolf kills were reported in the district projects and 81 in the Allanwater study. In total, where sex was identified 56% were male and 44% female. Adults made up 51% of the kill in the Allanwater study, subadults (<2 years old) 44%, and 5% were of unknown age. Two hundred and sixty five kills of species other than wolves were documented from all studies, comprising 10 mammal and nine bird species. Common Raven (Corvus corax) and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) made up 54% and 24% of the non-target mortality, respectively, and were recorded in most studies. Kills of wolves and non-target species were probably under-reported because animals left bait stations before dying, were buried by snow, were removed by bounty hunters, or monitoring for non-target species was poor. Although completed over 50 years ago, the studies summarized here provide context on the ecological impacts and ethics of poison use to control wolves. Article in Journal/Newspaper Canis lupus gray wolf The Canadian Field-Naturalist (E-Journal) Thunder Bay ENVELOPE(68.885,68.885,-49.325,-49.325) The Canadian Field-Naturalist 135 2 142 152 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The Canadian Field-Naturalist (E-Journal) |
op_collection_id |
ftjcfn |
language |
English |
topic |
Predator control poison strychnine Ontario Gray Wolf Common Raven Red Fox non-target mortality |
spellingShingle |
Predator control poison strychnine Ontario Gray Wolf Common Raven Red Fox non-target mortality Harris, Allan G. Armstrong, Ted (Edward) R. An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
topic_facet |
Predator control poison strychnine Ontario Gray Wolf Common Raven Red Fox non-target mortality |
description |
In the late 1950s, the Ontario Department of Lands and Forests commenced an experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning program in northern Ontario, the results of which were documented in a series of unpublished reports. Most projects consisted of distributing baits poisoned with strychnine on frozen lakes in late winter; 12 were conducted by district staff and typically consisted of <10 bait stations monitored for two to four months. An intensive three-year program was completed in the Allanwater area, about 250 km north of Thunder Bay, where up to 56 bait stations were distributed on a grid covering >25 000 km2. Thirty eight wolf kills were reported in the district projects and 81 in the Allanwater study. In total, where sex was identified 56% were male and 44% female. Adults made up 51% of the kill in the Allanwater study, subadults (<2 years old) 44%, and 5% were of unknown age. Two hundred and sixty five kills of species other than wolves were documented from all studies, comprising 10 mammal and nine bird species. Common Raven (Corvus corax) and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) made up 54% and 24% of the non-target mortality, respectively, and were recorded in most studies. Kills of wolves and non-target species were probably under-reported because animals left bait stations before dying, were buried by snow, were removed by bounty hunters, or monitoring for non-target species was poor. Although completed over 50 years ago, the studies summarized here provide context on the ecological impacts and ethics of poison use to control wolves. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Harris, Allan G. Armstrong, Ted (Edward) R. |
author_facet |
Harris, Allan G. Armstrong, Ted (Edward) R. |
author_sort |
Harris, Allan G. |
title |
An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
title_short |
An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
title_full |
An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
title_fullStr |
An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
title_full_unstemmed |
An overview of experimental Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern Ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
title_sort |
overview of experimental gray wolf (canis lupus) poisoning programs in northern ontario, 1956 to 1964 |
publisher |
The Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293 https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(68.885,68.885,-49.325,-49.325) |
geographic |
Thunder Bay |
geographic_facet |
Thunder Bay |
genre |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus gray wolf |
op_source |
The Canadian Field-Naturalist; Vol. 135 No. 2 (2021); 142-152 0008-3550 |
op_relation |
https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293/2697 https://www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca/index.php/cfn/article/view/2293 doi:10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 |
op_rights |
Copyright (c) 2021 The Canadian Field-Naturalist |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v135i2.2293 |
container_title |
The Canadian Field-Naturalist |
container_volume |
135 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
142 |
op_container_end_page |
152 |
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1766384955460419584 |