LONG-TERM CHANGES IN THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF KUOTSJARVI LAKE ECOSYSTEM (PASVIK RIVER SYSTEM, MURMANSK OBLAST, RUSSIA)

• Published in: Biosfera
• Main Authors: Зубова, Е.М., Кашулин, Н.А., Даувальтер, В.А., Денисов, Д.Б., Валькова, С.А., Вандыш, О.И., Терентьев, П.М., Черепанов, А.А.
• Other Authors: Работа выполнена в рамках темы НИР № 0226-2019-0045 и частично поддержана из средств гранта РФФИ 18-05-60125 Арктика и РНФ № 19-77-10007. Интерпретация результатов по гидрохимическим показателям и донным отложениям выполнена из средств гранта РНФ № 19-77-10007, интерпретация результатов по гидробиологическим и ихтиологическим показателям – из средств гранта РФФИ 18-05-60125 Арктика.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: Фонд научных исследований "XXI век"/ XXI Сentury Research Foundation 2020
• Subjects: pollution; heavy metals; ecosystem; Kuotsjarvi Lake; загрязнение; тяжелые металлы; экосистема; оз. Куэтсъярви; Arctic; Murmansk; Norway; Pasvik; Murmansk Oblast
• Online Access: http://21bs.ru/index.php/bio/article/view/513; https://doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v11i4.513

The lake Kuotsjarvi (lower course of Pasvik River, Murmansk Oblast) is located in the borderline territory between Russia and Norway. It one of the most polluted water bodies of European Arctic. Because of the the metallurgic plant Pechenganikel located at the coast of the lake is the source, water and bottom sediments of the lake contain extremely high levels of heavy metals. Long-term comprehensive studies of the ecosystem of the lake revealed that the responses of its ecosystem to global and regional environmental and climatic changes include an increasing toxicity and eutrophication of lake water, decreasing number of stenobiont aqueous species and increasing numbers of ubiquistic and invasive species. The present-time communities in the lake developed as results of interactions between long-term changes in abiotic and biotic factors. Pollution with heavy metals, which lasts since 1990-ies, resulted in the development of communities of species that are tolerant to this impact and are able to maintain their abundance. Adaptations of the communities to changes in their environments are manifested as changes in their species compositions, in proportions of different taxonomic groups, and structures of their populations. In particular, whitefish is able to remain the dominant species and sustain its populations due to development of sympatric forms differing in their ecological niches, morphological features, and life cycle strategies, including transition to shorter life cycles. At difference from changes at the levels of organisms, responses of populations and communities to medium-term environmental changes are more inertial and less specific. Озеро Куэтсъярви (нижнее течение р. Пасвик, Мурманская область), расположенное в приграничной зоне между Россией и Норвегией, является одним из наиболее загрязненных водоемов Евро-Арктического региона. В результате деятельности расположенного на его берегах плавильных цехов металлургического комбината «Печенганикель» в водах и донных отложениях озера отмечаются ...