MICROSCOPIC FUNGI IN SOILS AND EARTHS OF ARCTIC MOUNTAIN SYSTEMS

• Published in: Биосфера
• Main Author: Кирцидели, И.Ю.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: Фонд научных исследований "XXI век"/ XXI Сentury Research Foundation 2016
• Subjects: microfungi; ecosystems; adaptation; mountains; Arctic; микроскопические грибы; экосистемы; адаптация; горные системы; Арктика; Stony Mountain; polar desert; Tundra
• Online Access: http://21bs.ru/index.php/bio/article/view/144; https://doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v8i1.144

The results of studying the distribution of microscopic fungi in the primary soils and earths of Arctic mountain systems are presented. It is concluded that, at the regional level, changes in the integral parameters, e.g. decreases in the counts of microscopic fungi in the soils of mountain systems, occur depending on the latitudinal zoning, whereas, at the local level, a trend to, e.g., decreased mosaicism of fungal communities in soils is observed in series from thinned to climax plant communities. Within a defined mountain system, the integral parameters of fungal communities depend primarily on plant communities, which may be also viewed as the stages of a succession. In thinned communities, the parameters correlate with the projective cover, whereas in climax intrazonal communities the environmental condition take the lead role. Within a defined vegetation community, micro-niches become especially significant. Upon comparing the complexes of microscopic fungi on contrasting rocks, no significant impact of underlying rock on their integral parameters is evident. Upon making comparisons along the altitudinal gradients in mountains or zonal gradients in high-latitude landscapes (polar desert–arctic tundra–typical tundra–southern tundra), increments in the series ranging from stony desert to grassy bushes and bushes within a mountain system are strictly monotonous, at difference from what is observed in zonal “plakors”, and a less reminiscent of exponential increases. The species composition of microscopic fungi found in the mountain systems of northern territories is somewhat similar to that in alpine and tundra habitats. On contrasting rocks, the impact of maternal rock is traced to micromicete complexes at the initial stages of succession. At difference from what is observed in polar deserts, no species subdomination is found in the complexes of microscopic fungi associated with thinned plant communities and stony mountain deserts. In such communities, there was noticed intrabiogeoceonic horizontal ...