Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle
Maladaptive behavioural disturbances have been reported in some fishes and aquatic invertebrates exposed to projected future CO2 levels. These disturbances have been linked to altered ion gradients and neurotransmitter function in the brain. Still, it seems surprising that the relatively small ionic...
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ftjamescook:oai:researchonline.jcu.edu.au:62908 2024-02-11T10:07:33+01:00 Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle Schunter, Celia Ravasi, Timothy Munday, Philip L. Nilsson, Goran E. 2019 application/pdf https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/1/62908_Schunter_et_al_2019.pdf unknown Oxford University Press https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz100 https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/ https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/1/62908_Schunter_et_al_2019.pdf Schunter, Celia, Ravasi, Timothy, Munday, Philip L., and Nilsson, Goran E. (2019) Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle. Conservation Physiology, 7 (1). open Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftjamescook https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz100 2024-01-15T23:48:15Z Maladaptive behavioural disturbances have been reported in some fishes and aquatic invertebrates exposed to projected future CO2 levels. These disturbances have been linked to altered ion gradients and neurotransmitter function in the brain. Still, it seems surprising that the relatively small ionic changes induced by near-future CO2 levels can have such profound neural effects. Based on recent transcriptomics data, we propose that a vicious cycle can be triggered that amplifies the initial disturbance, explaining howsmall pH regulatory adjustments in response to ocean acidification can lead to major behavioural alterations in fish and other water-breathing animals. The proposed cycle is initiated by a reversal of the function of some inhibitory GABA(A) receptors in the direction of neural excitation and then amplified by adjustments in gene expression aimed at suppressing the excitation but in reality increasing it. In addition, the increased metabolic production of CO2 by overexcited neurons will feed into the cycle by elevating intracellular bicarbonate levels that will lead to increased excitatory ion fluxes through GABA(A) receptors. We also discuss the possibility that an initiation of a vicious cycle could be one of the several factors underlying the differences in neural sensitivity to elevated CO2 displayed by fishes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU Conservation Physiology 7 1 |
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James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU |
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Maladaptive behavioural disturbances have been reported in some fishes and aquatic invertebrates exposed to projected future CO2 levels. These disturbances have been linked to altered ion gradients and neurotransmitter function in the brain. Still, it seems surprising that the relatively small ionic changes induced by near-future CO2 levels can have such profound neural effects. Based on recent transcriptomics data, we propose that a vicious cycle can be triggered that amplifies the initial disturbance, explaining howsmall pH regulatory adjustments in response to ocean acidification can lead to major behavioural alterations in fish and other water-breathing animals. The proposed cycle is initiated by a reversal of the function of some inhibitory GABA(A) receptors in the direction of neural excitation and then amplified by adjustments in gene expression aimed at suppressing the excitation but in reality increasing it. In addition, the increased metabolic production of CO2 by overexcited neurons will feed into the cycle by elevating intracellular bicarbonate levels that will lead to increased excitatory ion fluxes through GABA(A) receptors. We also discuss the possibility that an initiation of a vicious cycle could be one of the several factors underlying the differences in neural sensitivity to elevated CO2 displayed by fishes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Schunter, Celia Ravasi, Timothy Munday, Philip L. Nilsson, Goran E. |
spellingShingle |
Schunter, Celia Ravasi, Timothy Munday, Philip L. Nilsson, Goran E. Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
author_facet |
Schunter, Celia Ravasi, Timothy Munday, Philip L. Nilsson, Goran E. |
author_sort |
Schunter, Celia |
title |
Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
title_short |
Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
title_full |
Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
title_fullStr |
Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
title_sort |
neural effects of elevated co2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/1/62908_Schunter_et_al_2019.pdf |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz100 https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/ https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/62908/1/62908_Schunter_et_al_2019.pdf Schunter, Celia, Ravasi, Timothy, Munday, Philip L., and Nilsson, Goran E. (2019) Neural effects of elevated CO2 in fish may be amplified by a vicious cycle. Conservation Physiology, 7 (1). |
op_rights |
open |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz100 |
container_title |
Conservation Physiology |
container_volume |
7 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1790606164370653184 |