Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish

Under projected levels of ocean acidification, shifts in energetic demands and food availability could interact to effect the growth and development of marine organisms. Changes to individual growth rates could then flow on to influence emergent properties of social groups, particularly in species t...

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Published in:Scientific Reports
Main Authors: McMahon, Shannon, Munday, Philip L., Wong, Marian Y.L., Donelson, Jennifer
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:unknown
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/1/61656.pdf
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spelling ftjamescook:oai:researchonline.jcu.edu.au:61656 2024-02-11T10:07:34+01:00 Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish McMahon, Shannon Munday, Philip L. Wong, Marian Y.L. Donelson, Jennifer 2019 application/pdf https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/1/61656.pdf unknown Nature Publishing Group https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56002-z https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/ https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/1/61656.pdf McMahon, Shannon, Munday, Philip L., Wong, Marian Y.L., and Donelson, Jennifer (2019) Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish. Scientific Reports, 9. 19706. restricted Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftjamescook https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56002-z 2024-01-22T23:45:13Z Under projected levels of ocean acidification, shifts in energetic demands and food availability could interact to effect the growth and development of marine organisms. Changes to individual growth rates could then flow on to influence emergent properties of social groups, particularly in species that form size-based hierarchies. To test the potential interactive effects of (1) food availability, (2) elevated CO₂ during juvenile development, and (3) parental experience of elevated CO₂ on the growth, condition and size-based hierarchy of juvenile fish, we reared orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula) for 50 days post-hatching in a fully orthogonal design. Development in elevated CO₂ reduced standard length and weight of juveniles, by 9% and 11% respectively, compared to ambient. Development under low food availability reduced length and weight of juveniles by 7% and 15% respectively, compared to high food. Parental exposure to elevated CO₂ restored the length of juveniles to that of controls, but it did not restore weight, resulting in juveniles from elevated CO₂ parents exhibiting 33% lower body condition when reared in elevated CO₂. The body size ratios (relative size of a fish from the rank above) within juvenile groups were not affected by any treatment, suggesting relative robustness of group-level structure despite alterations in individual size and condition. This study demonstrates that both food availability and elevated CO₂ can influence the physical attributes of juvenile reef fish, but these changes may not disrupt the emergent group structure of this social species, at least amongst juveniles. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU Scientific Reports 9 1
institution Open Polar
collection James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU
op_collection_id ftjamescook
language unknown
description Under projected levels of ocean acidification, shifts in energetic demands and food availability could interact to effect the growth and development of marine organisms. Changes to individual growth rates could then flow on to influence emergent properties of social groups, particularly in species that form size-based hierarchies. To test the potential interactive effects of (1) food availability, (2) elevated CO₂ during juvenile development, and (3) parental experience of elevated CO₂ on the growth, condition and size-based hierarchy of juvenile fish, we reared orange clownfish (Amphiprion percula) for 50 days post-hatching in a fully orthogonal design. Development in elevated CO₂ reduced standard length and weight of juveniles, by 9% and 11% respectively, compared to ambient. Development under low food availability reduced length and weight of juveniles by 7% and 15% respectively, compared to high food. Parental exposure to elevated CO₂ restored the length of juveniles to that of controls, but it did not restore weight, resulting in juveniles from elevated CO₂ parents exhibiting 33% lower body condition when reared in elevated CO₂. The body size ratios (relative size of a fish from the rank above) within juvenile groups were not affected by any treatment, suggesting relative robustness of group-level structure despite alterations in individual size and condition. This study demonstrates that both food availability and elevated CO₂ can influence the physical attributes of juvenile reef fish, but these changes may not disrupt the emergent group structure of this social species, at least amongst juveniles.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author McMahon, Shannon
Munday, Philip L.
Wong, Marian Y.L.
Donelson, Jennifer
spellingShingle McMahon, Shannon
Munday, Philip L.
Wong, Marian Y.L.
Donelson, Jennifer
Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
author_facet McMahon, Shannon
Munday, Philip L.
Wong, Marian Y.L.
Donelson, Jennifer
author_sort McMahon, Shannon
title Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
title_short Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
title_full Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
title_fullStr Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
title_full_unstemmed Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
title_sort elevated co₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish
publisher Nature Publishing Group
publishDate 2019
url https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/1/61656.pdf
genre Ocean acidification
genre_facet Ocean acidification
op_relation https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56002-z
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/61656/1/61656.pdf
McMahon, Shannon, Munday, Philip L., Wong, Marian Y.L., and Donelson, Jennifer (2019) Elevated CO₂ and food ration affect growth but not the size-based hierarchy of a reef fish. Scientific Reports, 9. 19706.
op_rights restricted
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56002-z
container_title Scientific Reports
container_volume 9
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