Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents
Metabolic expenditure has been shown to increase abruptly in several snake species directly after venom expenditure, while the later stages of venom replenishment seem to involve minor costs. This study examines the dependence of increases in metabolic rate following venom expenditure on the stage o...
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ftjamescook:oai:researchonline.jcu.edu.au:18538 2024-02-11T09:58:39+01:00 Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents Pintor, Anna F.V. Winter, Kelly L. Krockenberger, Andrew K. Seymour, Jamie E. 2011-01 application/pdf https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/2/18538_Pintor_et_al_2011.pdf unknown Pergamon http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.10.001 https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/ https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/2/18538_Pintor_et_al_2011.pdf Pintor, Anna F.V., Winter, Kelly L., Krockenberger, Andrew K., and Seymour, Jamie E. (2011) Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents. Toxicon, 57 (1). pp. 68-75. restricted Article PeerReviewed 2011 ftjamescook https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.10.001 2024-01-22T23:27:43Z Metabolic expenditure has been shown to increase abruptly in several snake species directly after venom expenditure, while the later stages of venom replenishment seem to involve minor costs. This study examines the dependence of increases in metabolic rate following venom expenditure on the stage of venom replenishment that the venom producing tissue is in at the time of venom extraction in the Common Death Adder, Acanthophis antarcticus. Potential changes in venom composition during venom replenishment are also explored to elucidate whether replenishment is achieved via low rates of synthesis of all venom components or by non-parallel protein production, i.e. initial production of some venom components and subsequent synthesis of others. The results of this study indicate that venom expenditure is followed by a sudden increase in metabolic rate when snakes have previously not expended venom for at least two days, suggesting that repetitive venom expenditure does not further increase the activity of venom gland tissue in this initial time period but that a second upregulation occurs when the tissue is past the initial activation stage. In addition, venom composition appears to remain constant during replenishment within an individual, while substantial variations can be observed even between siblings. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* antarcticus James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU Toxicon 57 1 68 75 |
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James Cook University, Australia: ResearchOnline@JCU |
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ftjamescook |
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unknown |
description |
Metabolic expenditure has been shown to increase abruptly in several snake species directly after venom expenditure, while the later stages of venom replenishment seem to involve minor costs. This study examines the dependence of increases in metabolic rate following venom expenditure on the stage of venom replenishment that the venom producing tissue is in at the time of venom extraction in the Common Death Adder, Acanthophis antarcticus. Potential changes in venom composition during venom replenishment are also explored to elucidate whether replenishment is achieved via low rates of synthesis of all venom components or by non-parallel protein production, i.e. initial production of some venom components and subsequent synthesis of others. The results of this study indicate that venom expenditure is followed by a sudden increase in metabolic rate when snakes have previously not expended venom for at least two days, suggesting that repetitive venom expenditure does not further increase the activity of venom gland tissue in this initial time period but that a second upregulation occurs when the tissue is past the initial activation stage. In addition, venom composition appears to remain constant during replenishment within an individual, while substantial variations can be observed even between siblings. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Pintor, Anna F.V. Winter, Kelly L. Krockenberger, Andrew K. Seymour, Jamie E. |
spellingShingle |
Pintor, Anna F.V. Winter, Kelly L. Krockenberger, Andrew K. Seymour, Jamie E. Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
author_facet |
Pintor, Anna F.V. Winter, Kelly L. Krockenberger, Andrew K. Seymour, Jamie E. |
author_sort |
Pintor, Anna F.V. |
title |
Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
title_short |
Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
title_full |
Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
title_fullStr |
Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
title_full_unstemmed |
Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
title_sort |
venom physiology and composition in a litter of common death adders (acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents |
publisher |
Pergamon |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/2/18538_Pintor_et_al_2011.pdf |
genre |
Antarc* antarcticus |
genre_facet |
Antarc* antarcticus |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.10.001 https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/ https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18538/2/18538_Pintor_et_al_2011.pdf Pintor, Anna F.V., Winter, Kelly L., Krockenberger, Andrew K., and Seymour, Jamie E. (2011) Venom physiology and composition in a litter of Common Death Adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) and their parents. Toxicon, 57 (1). pp. 68-75. |
op_rights |
restricted |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.10.001 |
container_title |
Toxicon |
container_volume |
57 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
68 |
op_container_end_page |
75 |
_version_ |
1790594361776406528 |