Effect of low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet on lipid metabolism, liver and kidney function in rats

• Published in: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
• Main Authors: Kostogrys, Renata B., Franczyk-Żarów, Magdalena, Maślak, Edyta, Topolska, Kinga
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: kidney function; lipid metabolism; low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet; wistar rats; acyl coenzyme A desaturase; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; beta actin; casein; cellulose; choline; creatinine; FAS antigen; fat; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; homocysteine; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; methionine; soybean oil; starch; tert butylhydroquinone; triacylglycerol; uric acid; very low density lipoprotein cholesterol; vitamin; carbohydrate diet; fatty acid synthase; protein intake; stearoyl-CoA desaturase SCD-1; rat; amino acid blood level; animal experiment; animal model; animal tissue; article; atherosclerosis; beta actin gene; cholesterol blood level; controlled study; creatinine blood level; dietary intake; down regulation; FAS gene; food analysis; food composition; gene; gene expression regulation; hyperhomocysteinemia; ketoacidosis; kidney hypertrophy; kidney injury; kidney mass; lipid analysis; liver function; liver hypertrophy; liver weight; low carbohydrate diet; male; metabolic acidosis; nonhuman; priority journal; protein determination; protein diet; protein expression; quantitative study; rat model; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; risk benefit analysis; SCD1 gene; treatment duration; triacylglycerol blood level; upregulation; weight reduction; western diet; administration and dosage; animal; blood; body weight; eating; gene expression; genetics; kidney; liver; metabolism; organ size; pathology; animalia; glycine max; rattus; rattus norvegicus; animals; diet; western; dietary carbohydrates; dietary Proteins; fatty Acid Synthases; rats; wistar; stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; triglycerides; Rattus rattus
• Online Access: http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/30619; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2015.01.008

The objective of this study was to compare effects of Western diet (WD) with low carbohydrate high protein (LCHP) diet on lipid metabolism, liver and kidney function in rats. Eighteen rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and fed for the next 2 months. The experimental diets were: Control (7% of soybean oil, 20% protein), WD (21% of butter, 20% protein), and LCHP (21% of butter and 52.4% protein) diet. The LCHP diet significantly decreased the body weight of the rats. Diet consumption was differentiated among groups, however significant changes were observed since third week of the experiment duration. Rats fed LCHP diet ate significantly less (25.2. g/animal/day) than those from Control (30.2. g/animal/day) and WD (27.8. g/animal/day) groups. Additionally, food efficiency ratio (FER) tended to decrease in LCHP fed rats. Serum homocysteine concentration significantly decreased in rats fed WD and LCHP diets. Liver weights were significantly higher in rats fed WD and LCHP diets. At the end of the experiment (2 months) the triacylglycerol (TAG) was significantly decreased in animals fed LCHP compared to WD. qRT-PCR showed that SCD-1 and FAS were decreased in LCHP fed rats, but WD diet increased expression of lipid metabolism genes. Rats receiving LCHP diet had two fold higher kidney weight and 54.5% higher creatinin level compared to Control and WD diets. In conclusion, LCHP diet decreased animal's body weight and decreased TAG in rat's serum. However, kidney damage in LCHP rats was observed.