Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear
Background. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins constitute an essential component of the vertebrate immune response, and are coded by the most polymorphic of the vertebrate genes. Here, we investigated sequence variation and evolution of MHC class I and class II DRB, DQA and DQB genes in...
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ftjagiellonuniir:oai:ruj.uj.edu.pl:item/26972 2024-05-19T07:49:48+00:00 Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear Kuduk, Katarzyna Babik, Wiesław Bojarska, Katarzyna Śliwińska, Ewa Kindberg, Jonas Taberlet, Pierre Swenson, Jon E. Radwan, Jacek 2012 http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/26972 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 eng eng BMC Evolutionary Biology, T. 12 1471-2148 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/26972 Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa 2.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/pl/legalcode positive selsction antigen binding sites MHC gene expression phylogenetic analysis orthology Ursidae artykuł w czasopiśmie 2012 ftjagiellonuniir https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 2024-04-19T00:15:27Z Background. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins constitute an essential component of the vertebrate immune response, and are coded by the most polymorphic of the vertebrate genes. Here, we investigated sequence variation and evolution of MHC class I and class II DRB, DQA and DQB genes in the brown bear Ursus arctos to characterise the level of polymorphism, estimate the strength of positive selection acting on them, and assess the extent of gene orthology and trans-species polymorphism in Ursidae. Results. We found 37 MHC class I, 16 MHC class II DRB, four DQB and two DQA alleles. We confirmed the expression of several loci: three MHC class I, two DRB, two DQB and one DQA. MHC class I also contained two clusters of non-expressed sequences. MHC class I and DRB allele frequencies differed between northern and southern populations of the Scandinavian brown bear. The rate of nonsynonymous substitutions (dN) exceeded the rate of synonymous substitutions (dS) at putative antigen binding sites of DRB and DQB loci and, marginally significantly, at MHC class I loci. Models of codon evolution supported positive selection at DRB and MHC class I loci. Both MHC class I and MHC class II sequences showed orthology to gene clusters found in the giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Conclusions. Historical positive selection has acted on MHC class I, class II DRB and DQB, but not on the DQA locus. The signal of historical positive selection on the DRB locus was particularly strong, which may be a general feature of caniforms. The presence of MHC class I pseudogenes may indicate faster gene turnover in this class through the birth-and-death process. South–north population structure at MHC loci probably reflects origin of the populations from separate glacial refugia. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Jagiellonian University Repository BMC Evolutionary Biology 12 1 197 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Jagiellonian University Repository |
op_collection_id |
ftjagiellonuniir |
language |
English |
topic |
positive selsction antigen binding sites MHC gene expression phylogenetic analysis orthology Ursidae |
spellingShingle |
positive selsction antigen binding sites MHC gene expression phylogenetic analysis orthology Ursidae Kuduk, Katarzyna Babik, Wiesław Bojarska, Katarzyna Śliwińska, Ewa Kindberg, Jonas Taberlet, Pierre Swenson, Jon E. Radwan, Jacek Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
topic_facet |
positive selsction antigen binding sites MHC gene expression phylogenetic analysis orthology Ursidae |
description |
Background. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins constitute an essential component of the vertebrate immune response, and are coded by the most polymorphic of the vertebrate genes. Here, we investigated sequence variation and evolution of MHC class I and class II DRB, DQA and DQB genes in the brown bear Ursus arctos to characterise the level of polymorphism, estimate the strength of positive selection acting on them, and assess the extent of gene orthology and trans-species polymorphism in Ursidae. Results. We found 37 MHC class I, 16 MHC class II DRB, four DQB and two DQA alleles. We confirmed the expression of several loci: three MHC class I, two DRB, two DQB and one DQA. MHC class I also contained two clusters of non-expressed sequences. MHC class I and DRB allele frequencies differed between northern and southern populations of the Scandinavian brown bear. The rate of nonsynonymous substitutions (dN) exceeded the rate of synonymous substitutions (dS) at putative antigen binding sites of DRB and DQB loci and, marginally significantly, at MHC class I loci. Models of codon evolution supported positive selection at DRB and MHC class I loci. Both MHC class I and MHC class II sequences showed orthology to gene clusters found in the giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Conclusions. Historical positive selection has acted on MHC class I, class II DRB and DQB, but not on the DQA locus. The signal of historical positive selection on the DRB locus was particularly strong, which may be a general feature of caniforms. The presence of MHC class I pseudogenes may indicate faster gene turnover in this class through the birth-and-death process. South–north population structure at MHC loci probably reflects origin of the populations from separate glacial refugia. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kuduk, Katarzyna Babik, Wiesław Bojarska, Katarzyna Śliwińska, Ewa Kindberg, Jonas Taberlet, Pierre Swenson, Jon E. Radwan, Jacek |
author_facet |
Kuduk, Katarzyna Babik, Wiesław Bojarska, Katarzyna Śliwińska, Ewa Kindberg, Jonas Taberlet, Pierre Swenson, Jon E. Radwan, Jacek |
author_sort |
Kuduk, Katarzyna |
title |
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
title_short |
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
title_full |
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes in the brown bear |
title_sort |
evolution of major histocompatibility complex class i and class ii genes in the brown bear |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/26972 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
BMC Evolutionary Biology, T. 12 1471-2148 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/26972 |
op_rights |
Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa 2.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/pl/legalcode |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-12-197 |
container_title |
BMC Evolutionary Biology |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
197 |
_version_ |
1799468353463517184 |