Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands
Four species of penguin breed regularly at South Africa’s Prince Edward Islands: king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus, gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua, macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus and southern rockhopper penguin E. chrysocome. In December 2008, it was estimated that some 65 000 pairs of k...
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ftjafricanj:oai:ojs.ajol.info:article/49225 2023-05-15T16:08:23+02:00 Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands Crawford, RJM Whittington, PA Upfold, L Ryan, PG Petersen, SL Dyer, BM Cooper, J 2009-12-18 application/pdf http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225 eng eng NISC http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225/35563 http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225 Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the publisher. African Journal of Marine Science; Vol 31, No 3 (2009) 1814-232X info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article 2009 ftjafricanj 2017-03-05T06:32:21Z Four species of penguin breed regularly at South Africa’s Prince Edward Islands: king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus, gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua, macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus and southern rockhopper penguin E. chrysocome. In December 2008, it was estimated that some 65 000 pairs of king penguins were incubating eggs at Marion Island, the larger of the two islands in the group, and 2 000 pairs at Prince Edward Island. At Marion Island from 1987 to 2008, there was no long-term trend in numbers of king penguin chicks that survived to the end of the winter period, but there was considerable fluctuation in chick production in the 1990s. It was roughly estimated that on average 88% of king penguin chicks survived the winter period (from April to September/October). Numbers of gentoo penguins at Marion Island decreased from more than 1 300 pairs in the mid-1990s to fewer than 800 pairs in 2003, and then increased to almost 1 100 pairs in 2008 as breeding success improved. Between 1994/1995 and 2008/2009, numbers of macaroni and southern rockhopper penguins at Marion Island decreased by about 30% and 70% respectively. In 2008/2009, some 290 000 pairs of macaroni penguins bred at this island, mostly in two large colonies where there was a progressive decrease in the density of nests. At both these colonies, decreases in numbers breeding followed outbreaks of disease. Inadequate breeding success has influenced the decreases of macaroni and rockhopper penguins. In 2008/2009, some 42 000 pairs of southern rockhopper penguins bred at Marion Island and 12 000 pairs of macaroni penguins and 38 000 pairs of southern rockhopper penguins at Prince Edward Island.Keywords: breeding success; gentoo penguin; king penguin; macaroni penguin; population size; population trend; rockhopper penguinAfrican Journal of Marine Science 2009, 31(3): 419–426 Article in Journal/Newspaper Eudyptes chrysolophus Gentoo penguin King Penguins Macaroni penguin Marion Island Prince Edward Islands Pygoscelis papua Rockhopper penguin Prince Edward Island AJOL - African Journals Online |
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AJOL - African Journals Online |
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ftjafricanj |
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English |
description |
Four species of penguin breed regularly at South Africa’s Prince Edward Islands: king penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus, gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua, macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus and southern rockhopper penguin E. chrysocome. In December 2008, it was estimated that some 65 000 pairs of king penguins were incubating eggs at Marion Island, the larger of the two islands in the group, and 2 000 pairs at Prince Edward Island. At Marion Island from 1987 to 2008, there was no long-term trend in numbers of king penguin chicks that survived to the end of the winter period, but there was considerable fluctuation in chick production in the 1990s. It was roughly estimated that on average 88% of king penguin chicks survived the winter period (from April to September/October). Numbers of gentoo penguins at Marion Island decreased from more than 1 300 pairs in the mid-1990s to fewer than 800 pairs in 2003, and then increased to almost 1 100 pairs in 2008 as breeding success improved. Between 1994/1995 and 2008/2009, numbers of macaroni and southern rockhopper penguins at Marion Island decreased by about 30% and 70% respectively. In 2008/2009, some 290 000 pairs of macaroni penguins bred at this island, mostly in two large colonies where there was a progressive decrease in the density of nests. At both these colonies, decreases in numbers breeding followed outbreaks of disease. Inadequate breeding success has influenced the decreases of macaroni and rockhopper penguins. In 2008/2009, some 42 000 pairs of southern rockhopper penguins bred at Marion Island and 12 000 pairs of macaroni penguins and 38 000 pairs of southern rockhopper penguins at Prince Edward Island.Keywords: breeding success; gentoo penguin; king penguin; macaroni penguin; population size; population trend; rockhopper penguinAfrican Journal of Marine Science 2009, 31(3): 419–426 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Crawford, RJM Whittington, PA Upfold, L Ryan, PG Petersen, SL Dyer, BM Cooper, J |
spellingShingle |
Crawford, RJM Whittington, PA Upfold, L Ryan, PG Petersen, SL Dyer, BM Cooper, J Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
author_facet |
Crawford, RJM Whittington, PA Upfold, L Ryan, PG Petersen, SL Dyer, BM Cooper, J |
author_sort |
Crawford, RJM |
title |
Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_short |
Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_full |
Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_fullStr |
Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the Prince Edward Islands |
title_sort |
recent trends in numbers of four species of penguins at the prince edward islands |
publisher |
NISC |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225 |
genre |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Gentoo penguin King Penguins Macaroni penguin Marion Island Prince Edward Islands Pygoscelis papua Rockhopper penguin Prince Edward Island |
genre_facet |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Gentoo penguin King Penguins Macaroni penguin Marion Island Prince Edward Islands Pygoscelis papua Rockhopper penguin Prince Edward Island |
op_source |
African Journal of Marine Science; Vol 31, No 3 (2009) 1814-232X |
op_relation |
http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225/35563 http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajms/article/view/49225 |
op_rights |
Copyright for articles published in this journal is retained by the publisher. |
_version_ |
1766404437195096064 |