Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria
The study ascertained the levels of Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) of mean weight 679 ± 16.05 g, from selected markets in Benin city, Nigeria, by Atomic Absorption Spectrometric technique, in order to ascertain their suitability for human consum...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Idodo Umeh Publishers Limited
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465 |
id |
ftjafricanj:oai:ojs.ajol.info:article/189465 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftjafricanj:oai:ojs.ajol.info:article/189465 2023-05-15T15:27:51+02:00 Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria Wangboje, O.M. Ekundayo, O.T. Osasehi, E.J. Erhayimwen, M Efenudu, U.I. 2019-09-05 application/pdf https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465 eng eng Idodo Umeh Publishers Limited https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465/178693 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465 Authors should transfer the copyright of papers to Idodo Umeh Publishers Limited,Benin City,Nigeria. Publications may not be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems or transmitted in any form or any means without the written permission of the Publishers. Tropical Freshwater Biology; Vol 28, No 2 (2019); 13-31 0795-0101 heavy metals Gadus morhua toxic/hazard quotient markets Nigeria info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article 2019 ftjafricanj 2019-09-08T00:06:13Z The study ascertained the levels of Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) of mean weight 679 ± 16.05 g, from selected markets in Benin city, Nigeria, by Atomic Absorption Spectrometric technique, in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in G. morhua ranged from 0.03 mg/kg Cd at New Benin market to 52.85 mg/kg for Zn at Ramat market while there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean concentrations of heavy metals in fish between markets. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for heavy metals ranged from 0.0032 mg/person/day for Cd to 1.70 mg/person/day for Zn while the estimated annual intake (EAI) values for heavy metals ranged from 1.17 mg/person/year for Cd to 620.5 mg/person/year for Zn. The estimated quantity consumed (EQC) values ranged from 0.000064 mg/meal for Cd to 0.034mg/meal for Zn while the theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI) was 2414 mg/person/day. The margin of exposure (MOE) values for heavy metals ranged from 0.63 for Cd to 4.19 for Cu while the total toxicity of mixtures (TTM) value was 4.82. The toxic/hazard quotient (TQ) values ranged from 0.24 for Cu to 1.60 for Cd while the total heavy metal load in fish by market, ranged from 41.26 mg/kg at New Benin market to 59.27 mg/kg at Ramat market. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in G. morhua exceeded the thresholds established for heavy metals in fish by CODEX Alimentarius, Commission Regulation and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), thus making them the metals of critical ecological concern. The implication is that G. morhuamust be consumed with caution in order to avert health problems associated with excess concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn.Keywords: heavy metals, Gadus morhua, toxic/hazard quotient, markets, Nigeria Article in Journal/Newspaper atlantic cod Gadus morhua AJOL - African Journals Online Moe ENVELOPE(-45.683,-45.683,-60.733,-60.733) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
AJOL - African Journals Online |
op_collection_id |
ftjafricanj |
language |
English |
topic |
heavy metals Gadus morhua toxic/hazard quotient markets Nigeria |
spellingShingle |
heavy metals Gadus morhua toxic/hazard quotient markets Nigeria Wangboje, O.M. Ekundayo, O.T. Osasehi, E.J. Erhayimwen, M Efenudu, U.I. Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
topic_facet |
heavy metals Gadus morhua toxic/hazard quotient markets Nigeria |
description |
The study ascertained the levels of Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) of mean weight 679 ± 16.05 g, from selected markets in Benin city, Nigeria, by Atomic Absorption Spectrometric technique, in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in G. morhua ranged from 0.03 mg/kg Cd at New Benin market to 52.85 mg/kg for Zn at Ramat market while there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean concentrations of heavy metals in fish between markets. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values for heavy metals ranged from 0.0032 mg/person/day for Cd to 1.70 mg/person/day for Zn while the estimated annual intake (EAI) values for heavy metals ranged from 1.17 mg/person/year for Cd to 620.5 mg/person/year for Zn. The estimated quantity consumed (EQC) values ranged from 0.000064 mg/meal for Cd to 0.034mg/meal for Zn while the theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI) was 2414 mg/person/day. The margin of exposure (MOE) values for heavy metals ranged from 0.63 for Cd to 4.19 for Cu while the total toxicity of mixtures (TTM) value was 4.82. The toxic/hazard quotient (TQ) values ranged from 0.24 for Cu to 1.60 for Cd while the total heavy metal load in fish by market, ranged from 41.26 mg/kg at New Benin market to 59.27 mg/kg at Ramat market. The mean concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in G. morhua exceeded the thresholds established for heavy metals in fish by CODEX Alimentarius, Commission Regulation and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), thus making them the metals of critical ecological concern. The implication is that G. morhuamust be consumed with caution in order to avert health problems associated with excess concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn.Keywords: heavy metals, Gadus morhua, toxic/hazard quotient, markets, Nigeria |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wangboje, O.M. Ekundayo, O.T. Osasehi, E.J. Erhayimwen, M Efenudu, U.I. |
author_facet |
Wangboje, O.M. Ekundayo, O.T. Osasehi, E.J. Erhayimwen, M Efenudu, U.I. |
author_sort |
Wangboje, O.M. |
title |
Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
title_short |
Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
title_full |
Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
title_fullStr |
Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in Benin City, Nigeria |
title_sort |
human risk associated with potential exposure to heavy metals in a gadoid fish species from selected markets in benin city, nigeria |
publisher |
Idodo Umeh Publishers Limited |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-45.683,-45.683,-60.733,-60.733) |
geographic |
Moe |
geographic_facet |
Moe |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
Tropical Freshwater Biology; Vol 28, No 2 (2019); 13-31 0795-0101 |
op_relation |
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465/178693 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/tfb/article/view/189465 |
op_rights |
Authors should transfer the copyright of papers to Idodo Umeh Publishers Limited,Benin City,Nigeria. Publications may not be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems or transmitted in any form or any means without the written permission of the Publishers. |
_version_ |
1766358258310709248 |