Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation
Proliferative gill inflammation (PGI) is an important cause of loss in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. Several microbes have been associated with PGI, including the commonly but not exclusively observed inclusions (epitheliocysts) within the gill lamellae related to infection with 'C...
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ftistanbuluniv:oai:http://acikerisim.istanbul.edu.tr:20.500.12627/116654 2023-05-15T15:30:40+02:00 Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation MOHAMMAD, S. Steinum, Terje Marken HEUM, M. GRONTVEDT, R. Nygaard FALK, K. KVELLESTAD, A. COLGUHOUN, D. J. Norwegian Veterinary Institute , , 100534 2010 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 eng eng DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Steinum T. M. , KVELLESTAD A., COLGUHOUN D. J. , HEUM M., MOHAMMAD S., GRONTVEDT R. N. , FALK K., "Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation", DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS, cilt.91, ss.201-211, 2010 0177-5103 vv_1032021 av_aedfe2fe-f18c-4a6f-a911-39b69c7507a9 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 91 3 201 211 Tarımsal Bilimler Su Ürünleri Veteriner Bilimleri Sağlık Bilimleri VETERİNERLİK BİLİMLERİ Tarım ve Çevre Bilimleri (AGE) Bitki ve Hayvan Bilimleri BALIKÇILIK Makale 2010 ftistanbuluniv https://doi.org/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 2022-08-10T13:14:05Z Proliferative gill inflammation (PGI) is an important cause of loss in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. Several microbes have been associated with PGI, including the commonly but not exclusively observed inclusions (epitheliocysts) within the gill lamellae related to infection with 'Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis'. Atlantic salmon transferred in the spring of 2004 to 12 sea water farms situated in mid- and southwest Norway were sampled throughout that year. Outbreaks of PGI, as evaluated by clinical examination, histology, and mortality data, were diagnosed in 6 of 7 farms in southwest Norway but not in the 5 farms studied in mid-Norway. Generally, mortality started 3 to 5 mo after seawater transfer and outbreaks lasted at least 1 to 3 mo. 'Ca. P. salmonis' was detected by real-time PCR only in fish from PGI-affected farms and our results indicate an association between 'Ca. P. salmonis' load and PGI severity. Likewise, although widely distributed in all 12 farms studied, epitheliocyst prevalence and number per fish as observed by histology appears associated with PGI prevalence and severity. However, the occurrence of epitheliocysts showed no association with molecular detection of 'Ca. P. salmonis', suggesting that at least 1 other organism is responsible for many of the observed inclusions. A microsporidian, Desmozoon lepeophtherii, was identified at high prevalence regardless of fish and farm PGI status, but at higher loads in fish with PGI. Our results support a multifactorial etiology for PGI in which 'Ca. P. salmonis', an unidentified epitheliocyst agent, and the microsporidian are contributing causes. No evidence for the involvement of Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus in PGI development was identified in the present study. High water temperatures and ectoparasites probably exacerbated mortality. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar İstanbul Üniversitesi Açık Erişim Sistemi Norway Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 91 3 201 211 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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İstanbul Üniversitesi Açık Erişim Sistemi |
op_collection_id |
ftistanbuluniv |
language |
English |
topic |
Tarımsal Bilimler Su Ürünleri Veteriner Bilimleri Sağlık Bilimleri VETERİNERLİK BİLİMLERİ Tarım ve Çevre Bilimleri (AGE) Bitki ve Hayvan Bilimleri BALIKÇILIK |
spellingShingle |
Tarımsal Bilimler Su Ürünleri Veteriner Bilimleri Sağlık Bilimleri VETERİNERLİK BİLİMLERİ Tarım ve Çevre Bilimleri (AGE) Bitki ve Hayvan Bilimleri BALIKÇILIK MOHAMMAD, S. Steinum, Terje Marken HEUM, M. GRONTVEDT, R. Nygaard FALK, K. KVELLESTAD, A. COLGUHOUN, D. J. Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
topic_facet |
Tarımsal Bilimler Su Ürünleri Veteriner Bilimleri Sağlık Bilimleri VETERİNERLİK BİLİMLERİ Tarım ve Çevre Bilimleri (AGE) Bitki ve Hayvan Bilimleri BALIKÇILIK |
description |
Proliferative gill inflammation (PGI) is an important cause of loss in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. Several microbes have been associated with PGI, including the commonly but not exclusively observed inclusions (epitheliocysts) within the gill lamellae related to infection with 'Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis'. Atlantic salmon transferred in the spring of 2004 to 12 sea water farms situated in mid- and southwest Norway were sampled throughout that year. Outbreaks of PGI, as evaluated by clinical examination, histology, and mortality data, were diagnosed in 6 of 7 farms in southwest Norway but not in the 5 farms studied in mid-Norway. Generally, mortality started 3 to 5 mo after seawater transfer and outbreaks lasted at least 1 to 3 mo. 'Ca. P. salmonis' was detected by real-time PCR only in fish from PGI-affected farms and our results indicate an association between 'Ca. P. salmonis' load and PGI severity. Likewise, although widely distributed in all 12 farms studied, epitheliocyst prevalence and number per fish as observed by histology appears associated with PGI prevalence and severity. However, the occurrence of epitheliocysts showed no association with molecular detection of 'Ca. P. salmonis', suggesting that at least 1 other organism is responsible for many of the observed inclusions. A microsporidian, Desmozoon lepeophtherii, was identified at high prevalence regardless of fish and farm PGI status, but at higher loads in fish with PGI. Our results support a multifactorial etiology for PGI in which 'Ca. P. salmonis', an unidentified epitheliocyst agent, and the microsporidian are contributing causes. No evidence for the involvement of Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus in PGI development was identified in the present study. High water temperatures and ectoparasites probably exacerbated mortality. |
author2 |
Norwegian Veterinary Institute , , 100534 |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
MOHAMMAD, S. Steinum, Terje Marken HEUM, M. GRONTVEDT, R. Nygaard FALK, K. KVELLESTAD, A. COLGUHOUN, D. J. |
author_facet |
MOHAMMAD, S. Steinum, Terje Marken HEUM, M. GRONTVEDT, R. Nygaard FALK, K. KVELLESTAD, A. COLGUHOUN, D. J. |
author_sort |
MOHAMMAD, S. |
title |
Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
title_short |
Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
title_full |
Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
title_fullStr |
Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
title_sort |
microbial and pathological findings in farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Steinum T. M. , KVELLESTAD A., COLGUHOUN D. J. , HEUM M., MOHAMMAD S., GRONTVEDT R. N. , FALK K., "Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation", DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS, cilt.91, ss.201-211, 2010 0177-5103 vv_1032021 av_aedfe2fe-f18c-4a6f-a911-39b69c7507a9 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 91 3 201 211 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.12627/116654 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02266 |
container_title |
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms |
container_volume |
91 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
201 |
op_container_end_page |
211 |
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1766361115067940864 |