Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years
Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepe...
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ftird:oai:ird.fr:fdi:010066185 2024-09-15T18:21:27+00:00 Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years /Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, D. E. Antoine, D. ATLANTIQUE NORD 2016 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066185 EN eng https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066185 oai:ird.fr:fdi:010066185 Martinez Elodie, Raitsos D. E., Antoine D. Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years. 2016, 22 (2), p. 604-612 AMO bottom-up processes and top-down control chlorophyll climate cycles Continuous Plankton Recorder NAO North Atlantic subpolar gyre phytoplankton decadal variability plankton climate links text 2016 ftird 2024-08-15T05:57:41Z Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. Text North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods IRD (Institute de recherche pour le développement): Horizon |
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Open Polar |
collection |
IRD (Institute de recherche pour le développement): Horizon |
op_collection_id |
ftird |
language |
English |
topic |
AMO bottom-up processes and top-down control chlorophyll climate cycles Continuous Plankton Recorder NAO North Atlantic subpolar gyre phytoplankton decadal variability plankton climate links |
spellingShingle |
AMO bottom-up processes and top-down control chlorophyll climate cycles Continuous Plankton Recorder NAO North Atlantic subpolar gyre phytoplankton decadal variability plankton climate links /Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, D. E. Antoine, D. Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
topic_facet |
AMO bottom-up processes and top-down control chlorophyll climate cycles Continuous Plankton Recorder NAO North Atlantic subpolar gyre phytoplankton decadal variability plankton climate links |
description |
Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. |
format |
Text |
author |
/Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, D. E. Antoine, D. |
author_facet |
/Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, D. E. Antoine, D. |
author_sort |
/Martinez, Elodie |
title |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_short |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_fullStr |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_sort |
warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the north atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066185 |
op_coverage |
ATLANTIQUE NORD |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
op_relation |
https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066185 oai:ird.fr:fdi:010066185 Martinez Elodie, Raitsos D. E., Antoine D. Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years. 2016, 22 (2), p. 604-612 |
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1810460005747392512 |