Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness?
Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader...
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Iowa State University Digital Repository
2013
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Online Access: | https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/7 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=eeob_ag_pubs |
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ftiowastateuniv:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:eeob_ag_pubs-1007 |
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Open Polar |
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Digital Repository @ Iowa State University |
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ftiowastateuniv |
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English |
topic |
Agriculture Biodiversity Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology |
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Agriculture Biodiversity Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Buckley, Yvonne M. Cleland, Elsa E. Davies, Kendi F. Firn, Jennifer Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Lind, Eric MacDougall, Andrew S. Orrock, John L. Prober, Suzanne M. Adler, Peter B. Alberti, Juan Anderson, T. Michael Bakker, Jonathan D. Biederman, Lori A. Blumenthal, Dana Brown, Cynthia S. Brudvig, Lars A. Caldeira, Maria Chu, Chengjin Crawley, Michael J. Daleo, Pedro Damschen, Ellen I. D'Antonio, Carla M. DeCrappeo, Nicole M. Dickman, Chris R. Du, Guozhen Fay, Philip A. Frater, Paul N. Gruner, Daniel S. Hagenah, Nicole Hector, Andrew Helm, Aveliina Hillebrand, Helmut Hofmockel, Kirsten S. Humphries, Hope Iribarne, Oscar Jin, Virginia L. Kay, Adam Kirkman, Kevin P. Klein, Julia A. Knops, Johannes M. H. La Pierre, Kimberly J. Ladwig, Laura M. Lambrinos, John G. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Li, Qi Li, Wei McCulley, Rebecca L. Melbourne, Brett A. Mitchell, Charles E. Moore, Joslin L. Morgan, John Mortensen, Brent D. O'Halloran, Lydia R. Partel, Meelis Pascual, Jesus Pyke, David A. Risch, Anita C. Salguero-Gomez, Roberto Sankaran, Mahesh Schuetz, Martin Simonsen, Anna Smith, Melinda Stevens, Carly J. Sullivan, Lauren Wardle, Glenda M. Wolkovich, Elizabeth M. Wragg, Peter D. Wright, Justin Yang, Louie Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
topic_facet |
Agriculture Biodiversity Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology |
description |
Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Buckley, Yvonne M. Cleland, Elsa E. Davies, Kendi F. Firn, Jennifer Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Lind, Eric MacDougall, Andrew S. Orrock, John L. Prober, Suzanne M. Adler, Peter B. Alberti, Juan Anderson, T. Michael Bakker, Jonathan D. Biederman, Lori A. Blumenthal, Dana Brown, Cynthia S. Brudvig, Lars A. Caldeira, Maria Chu, Chengjin Crawley, Michael J. Daleo, Pedro Damschen, Ellen I. D'Antonio, Carla M. DeCrappeo, Nicole M. Dickman, Chris R. Du, Guozhen Fay, Philip A. Frater, Paul N. Gruner, Daniel S. Hagenah, Nicole Hector, Andrew Helm, Aveliina Hillebrand, Helmut Hofmockel, Kirsten S. Humphries, Hope Iribarne, Oscar Jin, Virginia L. Kay, Adam Kirkman, Kevin P. Klein, Julia A. Knops, Johannes M. H. La Pierre, Kimberly J. Ladwig, Laura M. Lambrinos, John G. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Li, Qi Li, Wei McCulley, Rebecca L. Melbourne, Brett A. Mitchell, Charles E. Moore, Joslin L. Morgan, John Mortensen, Brent D. O'Halloran, Lydia R. Partel, Meelis Pascual, Jesus Pyke, David A. Risch, Anita C. Salguero-Gomez, Roberto Sankaran, Mahesh Schuetz, Martin Simonsen, Anna Smith, Melinda Stevens, Carly J. Sullivan, Lauren Wardle, Glenda M. Wolkovich, Elizabeth M. Wragg, Peter D. Wright, Justin Yang, Louie |
author_facet |
Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Buckley, Yvonne M. Cleland, Elsa E. Davies, Kendi F. Firn, Jennifer Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Lind, Eric MacDougall, Andrew S. Orrock, John L. Prober, Suzanne M. Adler, Peter B. Alberti, Juan Anderson, T. Michael Bakker, Jonathan D. Biederman, Lori A. Blumenthal, Dana Brown, Cynthia S. Brudvig, Lars A. Caldeira, Maria Chu, Chengjin Crawley, Michael J. Daleo, Pedro Damschen, Ellen I. D'Antonio, Carla M. DeCrappeo, Nicole M. Dickman, Chris R. Du, Guozhen Fay, Philip A. Frater, Paul N. Gruner, Daniel S. Hagenah, Nicole Hector, Andrew Helm, Aveliina Hillebrand, Helmut Hofmockel, Kirsten S. Humphries, Hope Iribarne, Oscar Jin, Virginia L. Kay, Adam Kirkman, Kevin P. Klein, Julia A. Knops, Johannes M. H. La Pierre, Kimberly J. Ladwig, Laura M. Lambrinos, John G. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Li, Qi Li, Wei McCulley, Rebecca L. Melbourne, Brett A. Mitchell, Charles E. Moore, Joslin L. Morgan, John Mortensen, Brent D. O'Halloran, Lydia R. Partel, Meelis Pascual, Jesus Pyke, David A. Risch, Anita C. Salguero-Gomez, Roberto Sankaran, Mahesh Schuetz, Martin Simonsen, Anna Smith, Melinda Stevens, Carly J. Sullivan, Lauren Wardle, Glenda M. Wolkovich, Elizabeth M. Wragg, Peter D. Wright, Justin Yang, Louie |
author_sort |
Seabloom, Eric W. |
title |
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
title_short |
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
title_full |
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
title_fullStr |
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
title_sort |
predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? |
publisher |
Iowa State University Digital Repository |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/7 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=eeob_ag_pubs |
genre |
Tundra |
genre_facet |
Tundra |
op_source |
Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Publications |
op_relation |
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/7 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=eeob_ag_pubs |
op_rights |
Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. |
_version_ |
1766230129853333504 |
spelling |
ftiowastateuniv:oai:lib.dr.iastate.edu:eeob_ag_pubs-1007 2023-05-15T18:40:43+02:00 Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Buckley, Yvonne M. Cleland, Elsa E. Davies, Kendi F. Firn, Jennifer Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Lind, Eric MacDougall, Andrew S. Orrock, John L. Prober, Suzanne M. Adler, Peter B. Alberti, Juan Anderson, T. Michael Bakker, Jonathan D. Biederman, Lori A. Blumenthal, Dana Brown, Cynthia S. Brudvig, Lars A. Caldeira, Maria Chu, Chengjin Crawley, Michael J. Daleo, Pedro Damschen, Ellen I. D'Antonio, Carla M. DeCrappeo, Nicole M. Dickman, Chris R. Du, Guozhen Fay, Philip A. Frater, Paul N. Gruner, Daniel S. Hagenah, Nicole Hector, Andrew Helm, Aveliina Hillebrand, Helmut Hofmockel, Kirsten S. Humphries, Hope Iribarne, Oscar Jin, Virginia L. Kay, Adam Kirkman, Kevin P. Klein, Julia A. Knops, Johannes M. H. La Pierre, Kimberly J. Ladwig, Laura M. Lambrinos, John G. Leakey, Andrew D. B. Li, Qi Li, Wei McCulley, Rebecca L. Melbourne, Brett A. Mitchell, Charles E. Moore, Joslin L. Morgan, John Mortensen, Brent D. O'Halloran, Lydia R. Partel, Meelis Pascual, Jesus Pyke, David A. Risch, Anita C. Salguero-Gomez, Roberto Sankaran, Mahesh Schuetz, Martin Simonsen, Anna Smith, Melinda Stevens, Carly J. Sullivan, Lauren Wardle, Glenda M. Wolkovich, Elizabeth M. Wragg, Peter D. Wright, Justin Yang, Louie 2013-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/7 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=eeob_ag_pubs en eng Iowa State University Digital Repository https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs/7 https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=eeob_ag_pubs Works produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Publications Agriculture Biodiversity Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology text 2013 ftiowastateuniv 2018-11-25T22:51:06Z Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions. Text Tundra Digital Repository @ Iowa State University |