| Summary: | International audience Testate amoebae are ubiquitous single cell organisms living in all soil and freshwater environments. A synthesis of 341 samples from Antarctica and Subantarctica, collected from 1901 to 2013, gave 304 species.One group with six islands was underlined: Falkland, Marion, Livingston, Kerguelen, Possession and South Georgia. These areas were those with the highest sampling effort. Despite of that, we managed to calculate some indicator species, that correspond to the probability to find a species in a given area and the probability the sample belong to an area given to the observed species. Over the 156 selected species to that aim, 2 are occurring in all areas and 32 occurred with a good significance associated to 1 up to 7 areas.To improve this distributional pattern of testate amoebae, a more intense and coordinated sampling effort is needed across all suitable Antarctica and Subantarctic environments. These patterns are the basis for environmental evolution in a rapid changing Earth.
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