Role of oceanic conditions and ice-shelves around European ice-sheets during the abrupt climatic events of the last glacial period

• Main Author: Wary, Mélanie
• Other Authors: Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux, Fréderique Eynaud
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2015
• Subjects: Heinrich events; Dansgaard-Oeschger events; Hydrographical processes; Ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere interactions; Nordic seas; Événements d’Heinrich; Événements de Dansgaard-Oeschger; Processus hydrographiques; Interactions océan-cryosphère-atmosphère; Mers nordiques; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; Norwegian Sea; Ice Shelves; Nordic Seas; North Atlantic; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276330; https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276330/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-01276330/file/WARY_MELANIE_2015.pdf

The last glacial period was punctuated by abrupt climatic events known as Dansgaard-Oeschger and Heinrich events. Many studies have focused on this millennial climatic variability, but several uncertainties remain. The present work aims at improving our knowledge on this topic through the study of the hydrographical changes recorded in two marine archives retrieved off Faeroes. Our main results, based on a multiproxy approach, reveal a paradoxical scheme in the Norwegian Sea where cold episodes (stadials, including Heinrich events) are characterized by relatively warm sea-surface temperatures (especially during summer) and a reduced sea-ice cover, and warm periods (interstadials) are marked by a reverse pattern with cold sea surface conditions and extended sea ice cover. The atypical stadial features seem to be related to enhanced advection of warm Atlantic waters in the Nordic Seas, combined to a subpolar North-Atlantic and adjacent seas basin-wide subsurface warming. These two processes seem to play a key role in the destabilization of boreal ice-shelves and ice-sheets, and in fine to their final collapse and subsequent iceberg discharges. Our work also allows us to identify the main mechanisms responsible for Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation changes and associated atmospheric temperature variations. On the basis of our results and of those coming from previous studies, we thus propose a new hydrographical scenario which could explain the abrupt climate events of the last glacial period La dernière période glaciaire a été ponctuée d’évènements climatiques abrupts connus sous le nom d’évènements d’Heinrich et évènements de Dansgaard-Oeschger. Cette variabilité millénaire a fait l’objet de nombreuses études, mais plusieurs incertitudes demeurent. Ce travail de doctorat vise à étendre et compléter les connaissances existantes sur cette variabilité climatique rapide en ciblant l’étude des variations hydrographiques telles qu’enregistrées au sein de deux archives sédimentaires prélevées au niveau des ...