Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano
The 946 CE 'Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan (aka Paektu) volcano ranks among the largest volcanic events of the Common Era. Its fallout represents a widespread preciselydated marker horizon yet little is known of its environmental impacts. Here, we revisit petrologic constraints on th...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-04230504v1 2024-01-14T10:07:39+01:00 Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano Scaillet, Bruno Oppenheimer, Clive Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Magma - UMR7327 Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) University of Cambridge UK (CAM) ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010) ANR-11-EQPX-0036,PLANEX,Planète Expérimentation: simulation et analyse in-situ en conditions extrêmes(2011) 2023-10 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/file/Scaillet-Oppenheimer_revised%20clean.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/file/Scaillet-Oppenheimer_revised%20clean.pdf doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 ISSN: 0377-0273 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2023, 442, pp.107909. ⟨10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909⟩ [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2023 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 2023-12-20T17:23:20Z The 946 CE 'Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan (aka Paektu) volcano ranks among the largest volcanic events of the Common Era. Its fallout represents a widespread preciselydated marker horizon yet little is known of its environmental impacts. Here, we revisit petrologic constraints on the pre-eruptive conditions of the dominant rhyolitic magma in order to estimate the eruption's volatile budget. We show that silicic reservoirs may lose more than half of their volatile complements prior to eruption and estimate that the Millennium Eruption emitted just 2-7 Tg of sulfur and 5-10 Tg of chlorine to the atmosphere, depending on the accepted eruption magnitude. These values are lower than previous petrologic estimates but consistent with ice core glaciochemistry and tree-ringbased climate reconstructions. We further suggest that any reawakening of Changbaishan / Paektu should be heralded by enhanced CO2 emissions if driven by basalt intrusion, or by H2-H2O-rich and halogen-poor gases if resulting from evolution of a silicic reservoir. Our findings emphasise the importance of robust assessments of pre-eruptive conditions, especially in respect of temperature, when applying petrologic arguments to evaluate outgassing from silicic volcanism. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 442 107909 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Scaillet, Bruno Oppenheimer, Clive Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
topic_facet |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
The 946 CE 'Millennium Eruption' of Changbaishan (aka Paektu) volcano ranks among the largest volcanic events of the Common Era. Its fallout represents a widespread preciselydated marker horizon yet little is known of its environmental impacts. Here, we revisit petrologic constraints on the pre-eruptive conditions of the dominant rhyolitic magma in order to estimate the eruption's volatile budget. We show that silicic reservoirs may lose more than half of their volatile complements prior to eruption and estimate that the Millennium Eruption emitted just 2-7 Tg of sulfur and 5-10 Tg of chlorine to the atmosphere, depending on the accepted eruption magnitude. These values are lower than previous petrologic estimates but consistent with ice core glaciochemistry and tree-ringbased climate reconstructions. We further suggest that any reawakening of Changbaishan / Paektu should be heralded by enhanced CO2 emissions if driven by basalt intrusion, or by H2-H2O-rich and halogen-poor gases if resulting from evolution of a silicic reservoir. Our findings emphasise the importance of robust assessments of pre-eruptive conditions, especially in respect of temperature, when applying petrologic arguments to evaluate outgassing from silicic volcanism. |
author2 |
Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO) Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Magma - UMR7327 Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC) University of Cambridge UK (CAM) ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010) ANR-11-EQPX-0036,PLANEX,Planète Expérimentation: simulation et analyse in-situ en conditions extrêmes(2011) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Scaillet, Bruno Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_facet |
Scaillet, Bruno Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_sort |
Scaillet, Bruno |
title |
Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
title_short |
Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
title_full |
Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
title_fullStr |
Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan (Paektu) volcano |
title_sort |
reassessment of the sulfur and halogen emissions from the millennium eruption of changbaishan (paektu) volcano |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/file/Scaillet-Oppenheimer_revised%20clean.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 |
genre |
ice core |
genre_facet |
ice core |
op_source |
ISSN: 0377-0273 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2023, 442, pp.107909. ⟨10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504 https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-04230504/file/Scaillet-Oppenheimer_revised%20clean.pdf doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107909 |
container_title |
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research |
container_volume |
442 |
container_start_page |
107909 |
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1788062049242185728 |