In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic
International audience Polar low (PL) storms are an important feature of the wintertime subsynoptic-scale atmospheric circulation of middle- and higher-latitude ocean areas. They can generate hazardous conditions impacting coastal and marine activities like fishing, transport, and oil extraction. Ho...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202018%20-%20Rojo%20-%20In%20Situ%20Measurements%20of%20Surface%20Winds%20Waves%20and%20Sea%20State%20in%20Polar%20Lows%20Over%20the%20North.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028079 |
id |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-03727030v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
polar low mesocyclone track Norwegian Sea North Sea multiple system in-situ measurement [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology |
spellingShingle |
polar low mesocyclone track Norwegian Sea North Sea multiple system in-situ measurement [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology Rojo, Maxence Claud, Chantal Noer, G. Carleton, A. M. In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
topic_facet |
polar low mesocyclone track Norwegian Sea North Sea multiple system in-situ measurement [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology |
description |
International audience Polar low (PL) storms are an important feature of the wintertime subsynoptic-scale atmospheric circulation of middle- and higher-latitude ocean areas. They can generate hazardous conditions impacting coastal and marine activities like fishing, transport, and oil extraction. However, there are few studies available of individual PL systems based on high-resolution maritime surface data. Accordingly, the meteorological impacts of 29 PLs have been investigated for the 14 winters 1999-2013, using in situ measurements at eight stations in the Norwegian and North Seas. On average, the highest wind speed and significant wave height (SWH) occur following the minimum in sea level pressure of the PL, respectively, 1 and 3 hr after its passage. The strongest wind speed averages 17.1 m/s, and the highest peak SWH is 6.3 m, but these can reach 31 m/s and 11 m, respectively. PL characteristics of system horizontal extent, propagation speed, and the larger-scale atmospheric circulation environment explain the large intercase differences. Large, multiple, and fast-moving PLs within a meridional circulation environment appear to generate stronger near-surface winds and higher waves than do small, single, and slow-moving PLs within a zonal circulation. Multiple systems may have the largest impacts (e.g., SWH > 8 m), although a larger sample size is required to confirm this possibility. The impacts of PLs on sea surface temperature (SST) are quite small and are difficult to interpret separate from the background SST variation. The observed SST decrease may be mainly caused by the cold air outbreak within which the PL is embedded; indeed, a positive SST minus air temperature anomaly is found during the 24 hr preceding the passage of PL vortices, indicating enhanced low-level atmospheric instability. |
author2 |
Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo (MET) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) Penn State System |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rojo, Maxence Claud, Chantal Noer, G. Carleton, A. M. |
author_facet |
Rojo, Maxence Claud, Chantal Noer, G. Carleton, A. M. |
author_sort |
Rojo, Maxence |
title |
In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
title_short |
In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
title_full |
In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic |
title_sort |
in situ measurements of surface winds, waves, and sea state in polar lows over the north atlantic |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202018%20-%20Rojo%20-%20In%20Situ%20Measurements%20of%20Surface%20Winds%20Waves%20and%20Sea%20State%20in%20Polar%20Lows%20Over%20the%20North.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028079 |
genre |
North Atlantic Norwegian Sea |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Norwegian Sea |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2019, 124, pp.700-718. ⟨10.1029/2017JD028079⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2017JD028079 insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202018%20-%20Rojo%20-%20In%20Situ%20Measurements%20of%20Surface%20Winds%20Waves%20and%20Sea%20State%20in%20Polar%20Lows%20Over%20the%20North.pdf BIBCODE: 2019JGRD.124.700R doi:10.1029/2017JD028079 |
op_rights |
http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028079 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
124 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
700 |
op_container_end_page |
718 |
_version_ |
1781703323267629056 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-03727030v1 2023-11-05T03:44:09+01:00 In Situ Measurements of Surface Winds, Waves, and Sea State in Polar Lows Over the North Atlantic Rojo, Maxence Claud, Chantal Noer, G. Carleton, A. M. Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo (MET) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) Penn State System 2019 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202018%20-%20Rojo%20-%20In%20Situ%20Measurements%20of%20Surface%20Winds%20Waves%20and%20Sea%20State%20in%20Polar%20Lows%20Over%20the%20North.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028079 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2017JD028079 insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030/file/JGR%20Atmospheres%20-%202018%20-%20Rojo%20-%20In%20Situ%20Measurements%20of%20Surface%20Winds%20Waves%20and%20Sea%20State%20in%20Polar%20Lows%20Over%20the%20North.pdf BIBCODE: 2019JGRD.124.700R doi:10.1029/2017JD028079 http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://insu.hal.science/insu-03727030 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2019, 124, pp.700-718. ⟨10.1029/2017JD028079⟩ polar low mesocyclone track Norwegian Sea North Sea multiple system in-situ measurement [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] [SDU.STU.ME]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Meteorology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JD028079 2023-10-11T16:28:38Z International audience Polar low (PL) storms are an important feature of the wintertime subsynoptic-scale atmospheric circulation of middle- and higher-latitude ocean areas. They can generate hazardous conditions impacting coastal and marine activities like fishing, transport, and oil extraction. However, there are few studies available of individual PL systems based on high-resolution maritime surface data. Accordingly, the meteorological impacts of 29 PLs have been investigated for the 14 winters 1999-2013, using in situ measurements at eight stations in the Norwegian and North Seas. On average, the highest wind speed and significant wave height (SWH) occur following the minimum in sea level pressure of the PL, respectively, 1 and 3 hr after its passage. The strongest wind speed averages 17.1 m/s, and the highest peak SWH is 6.3 m, but these can reach 31 m/s and 11 m, respectively. PL characteristics of system horizontal extent, propagation speed, and the larger-scale atmospheric circulation environment explain the large intercase differences. Large, multiple, and fast-moving PLs within a meridional circulation environment appear to generate stronger near-surface winds and higher waves than do small, single, and slow-moving PLs within a zonal circulation. Multiple systems may have the largest impacts (e.g., SWH > 8 m), although a larger sample size is required to confirm this possibility. The impacts of PLs on sea surface temperature (SST) are quite small and are difficult to interpret separate from the background SST variation. The observed SST decrease may be mainly caused by the cold air outbreak within which the PL is embedded; indeed, a positive SST minus air temperature anomaly is found during the 24 hr preceding the passage of PL vortices, indicating enhanced low-level atmospheric instability. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Norwegian Sea Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124 2 700 718 |