Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland
International audience The influence of the mode of magma ascent on eruption fluxes is uncertain beneath active volcanoes. To study this, the subglacial volcano Katla, Iceland, whichhas produced abundant tephra through the Holocene, has been investigated through volume estimations of the largest eru...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-03708971v1 2023-08-27T04:09:36+02:00 Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Sigmarsson, Olgeir Larsen, Guðrún Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2018 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y en eng HAL CCSD Springer Verlag info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y insu-03708971 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 BIBCODE: 2018BVol.80.58O doi:10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y ISSN: 0258-8900 EISSN: 1432-0819 Bulletin of Volcanology https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 Bulletin of Volcanology, 2018, 80, ⟨10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y⟩ Tephra productivity Eruption flux Magma storage system Tephra Katla Iceland [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2018 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y 2023-08-09T16:24:00Z International audience The influence of the mode of magma ascent on eruption fluxes is uncertain beneath active volcanoes. To study this, the subglacial volcano Katla, Iceland, whichhas produced abundant tephra through the Holocene, has been investigated through volume estimations of the largest eruptions from the last 3500 years. Tephra volume measurements allow tephra productivity and their variation through time to be estimated. By adding the volume of lava from effusive eruptions, the total eruption flux is obtained. Tephra productivity shows variations with time, ranging from 2.0 km 3 /century, during the prehistoric period examined, to 0.7 km 3 /century, during historical time (after 939 CE). However, the average eruption flux remained unchanged ( 2.2 km 3 /century) during the studied 3500 years due to the large lava produced during the Eldgjá flood basalt eruption (939 CE). Following the Eldgjá event, tephra production declined and also eruption frequency, decreasing from 5.6-2.0 eruptions/century. Magma ascending vertically to the glacier -covered volcano results in explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions and tephra formation, whereas magma transferred in a laterally extended dyke leads to predominant fissural eruptions outside the glacier (e.g., Eldgjá). The mode of magma ascent thus exerts control on the eruption frequency and the volcanic style at Katla volcano without affecting the long-term eruption flux. A uniform increase in cumulative magma volume from Katla suggests a time-integrated steady-state behavior over the last 3500 years. Finally, although the large fissural eruption of Eldgjá lowered the following eruption frequency, it only temporarily affected the time averaged eruption flux of Katla. Article in Journal/Newspaper glacier Iceland Katla Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Eldgjá ENVELOPE(-18.608,-18.608,63.962,63.962) Katla ENVELOPE(-19.062,-19.062,63.631,63.631) Bulletin of Volcanology 80 7 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
Tephra productivity Eruption flux Magma storage system Tephra Katla Iceland [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
Tephra productivity Eruption flux Magma storage system Tephra Katla Iceland [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Sigmarsson, Olgeir Larsen, Guðrún Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
topic_facet |
Tephra productivity Eruption flux Magma storage system Tephra Katla Iceland [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience The influence of the mode of magma ascent on eruption fluxes is uncertain beneath active volcanoes. To study this, the subglacial volcano Katla, Iceland, whichhas produced abundant tephra through the Holocene, has been investigated through volume estimations of the largest eruptions from the last 3500 years. Tephra volume measurements allow tephra productivity and their variation through time to be estimated. By adding the volume of lava from effusive eruptions, the total eruption flux is obtained. Tephra productivity shows variations with time, ranging from 2.0 km 3 /century, during the prehistoric period examined, to 0.7 km 3 /century, during historical time (after 939 CE). However, the average eruption flux remained unchanged ( 2.2 km 3 /century) during the studied 3500 years due to the large lava produced during the Eldgjá flood basalt eruption (939 CE). Following the Eldgjá event, tephra production declined and also eruption frequency, decreasing from 5.6-2.0 eruptions/century. Magma ascending vertically to the glacier -covered volcano results in explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions and tephra formation, whereas magma transferred in a laterally extended dyke leads to predominant fissural eruptions outside the glacier (e.g., Eldgjá). The mode of magma ascent thus exerts control on the eruption frequency and the volcanic style at Katla volcano without affecting the long-term eruption flux. A uniform increase in cumulative magma volume from Katla suggests a time-integrated steady-state behavior over the last 3500 years. Finally, although the large fissural eruption of Eldgjá lowered the following eruption frequency, it only temporarily affected the time averaged eruption flux of Katla. |
author2 |
Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Sigmarsson, Olgeir Larsen, Guðrún |
author_facet |
Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna Sigmarsson, Olgeir Larsen, Guðrún |
author_sort |
Óladóttir, Bergrún Arna |
title |
Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
title_short |
Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
title_full |
Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial Katla volcano, Iceland |
title_sort |
tephra productivity and eruption flux of the subglacial katla volcano, iceland |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-18.608,-18.608,63.962,63.962) ENVELOPE(-19.062,-19.062,63.631,63.631) |
geographic |
Eldgjá Katla |
geographic_facet |
Eldgjá Katla |
genre |
glacier Iceland Katla |
genre_facet |
glacier Iceland Katla |
op_source |
ISSN: 0258-8900 EISSN: 1432-0819 Bulletin of Volcanology https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 Bulletin of Volcanology, 2018, 80, ⟨10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y insu-03708971 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03708971 BIBCODE: 2018BVol.80.58O doi:10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-018-1236-y |
container_title |
Bulletin of Volcanology |
container_volume |
80 |
container_issue |
7 |
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1775351105805352960 |