Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models
International audience The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever (https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty). Yet, although our main concern about ozone depletion is th...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-03686272v1 2024-02-11T09:57:07+01:00 Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models Mckenzie, Richard Bernhard, Germar Liley, Ben Disterhoft, Patrick Rhodes, Steve Bais, Alkiviadis Morgenstern, Olaf Newman, Paul Oman, Luke Brogniez, Colette Université de Lille Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2019 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/file/s41598-019-48625-z.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z en eng HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/file/s41598-019-48625-z.pdf BIBCODE: 2019NatSR.912332M doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC6722083 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2045-2322 EISSN: 2045-2322 Scientific Reports https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 Scientific Reports, 2019, 9, ⟨10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z⟩ [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z 2024-01-24T17:29:29Z International audience The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever (https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty). Yet, although our main concern about ozone depletion is the subsequent increase in harmful solar UV radiation at the Earth's surface, no studies to date have demonstrated its effectiveness in that regard. Here we use long-term UV Index (UVI) data derived from high-quality UV spectroradiometer measurements to demonstrate its success in curbing increases in UV radiation. Without this landmark agreement, UVI values would have increased at mid-latitude locations by approximately 20% between the early 1990s and today and would approximately quadruple at mid-latitudes by 2100. In contrast, an analysis of UVI data from multiple clean-air sites shows that maximum daily UVI values have remained essentially constant over the last 20 years in all seasons, and may even have decreased slightly in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica, where effects of ozone depletion were larger. Reconstructions of the UVI from total ozone data show evidence of increasing UVI levels in the 1980s, but unfortunately, there are no high-quality UV measurements available prior to the early 1990s to confirm these increases with direct observations. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctica Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Scientific Reports 9 1 |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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English |
topic |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
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[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Mckenzie, Richard Bernhard, Germar Liley, Ben Disterhoft, Patrick Rhodes, Steve Bais, Alkiviadis Morgenstern, Olaf Newman, Paul Oman, Luke Brogniez, Colette Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
topic_facet |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer has been hailed as the most successful environmental treaty ever (https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/montreal-protocol-triumph-treaty). Yet, although our main concern about ozone depletion is the subsequent increase in harmful solar UV radiation at the Earth's surface, no studies to date have demonstrated its effectiveness in that regard. Here we use long-term UV Index (UVI) data derived from high-quality UV spectroradiometer measurements to demonstrate its success in curbing increases in UV radiation. Without this landmark agreement, UVI values would have increased at mid-latitude locations by approximately 20% between the early 1990s and today and would approximately quadruple at mid-latitudes by 2100. In contrast, an analysis of UVI data from multiple clean-air sites shows that maximum daily UVI values have remained essentially constant over the last 20 years in all seasons, and may even have decreased slightly in the southern hemisphere, especially in Antarctica, where effects of ozone depletion were larger. Reconstructions of the UVI from total ozone data show evidence of increasing UVI levels in the 1980s, but unfortunately, there are no high-quality UV measurements available prior to the early 1990s to confirm these increases with direct observations. |
author2 |
Université de Lille Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Mckenzie, Richard Bernhard, Germar Liley, Ben Disterhoft, Patrick Rhodes, Steve Bais, Alkiviadis Morgenstern, Olaf Newman, Paul Oman, Luke Brogniez, Colette |
author_facet |
Mckenzie, Richard Bernhard, Germar Liley, Ben Disterhoft, Patrick Rhodes, Steve Bais, Alkiviadis Morgenstern, Olaf Newman, Paul Oman, Luke Brogniez, Colette |
author_sort |
Mckenzie, Richard |
title |
Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
title_short |
Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
title_full |
Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
title_fullStr |
Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
title_full_unstemmed |
Success of Montreal Protocol Demonstrated by Comparing High-Quality UV Measurements with "World Avoided" Calculations from Two Chemistry-Climate Models |
title_sort |
success of montreal protocol demonstrated by comparing high-quality uv measurements with "world avoided" calculations from two chemistry-climate models |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/file/s41598-019-48625-z.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica |
op_source |
ISSN: 2045-2322 EISSN: 2045-2322 Scientific Reports https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 Scientific Reports, 2019, 9, ⟨10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272 https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-03686272/file/s41598-019-48625-z.pdf BIBCODE: 2019NatSR.912332M doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC6722083 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48625-z |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1790608718859075584 |