Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing
International audience Black carbon (BC) in snow in the Himalayas has recently attracted considerable interest due to its impact on snow albedo, snow and glacier melting, regional climate and water resources. A single particle soot photometer (SP2) instrument was used to measure refractory BC (rBC)...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2015
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/file/CRYOSPHERE%20Black%20carbon%20in%20snow%20in%20the%20upper%20Himalayan%20Khumbu%20Valley%20Nepal%20observations%20and%20modeling%20of%20the%20impact%20on%20snow%20albedo.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 |
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Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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language |
English |
topic |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences Jacobi, H.-W Lim, S Ménégoz, M Ginot, P Laj, P Bonasoni, P Stocchi, P Marinoni, A Arnaud, Y Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
topic_facet |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
description |
International audience Black carbon (BC) in snow in the Himalayas has recently attracted considerable interest due to its impact on snow albedo, snow and glacier melting, regional climate and water resources. A single particle soot photometer (SP2) instrument was used to measure refractory BC (rBC) in a series of surface snow samples collected in the upper Khumbu Valley, Nepal between November 2009 and February 2012. The obtained time series indicates annual cycles with maximum rBC concentrations before the onset of the monsoon season and fast decreases during the monsoon period. Detected concentrations ranged from a few up to 70 ppb with rather large uncertainties due to the handling of the samples. Detailed modeling of the snowpack, including the detected range and an estimated upper limit of BC concentrations, was performed to study the role of BC in the seasonal snowpack. Simulations were performed for three winter seasons with the snowpack model Crocus, including a detailed description of the radiative transfer inside the snowpack. While the standard Crocus model strongly overestimates the height and the duration of the seasonal snowpack, a better calculation of the snow albedo with the new radiative transfer scheme enhanced the representation of the snow. However, the period with snow on the ground without BC in the snow was still overestimated between 37 and 66 days, which was further diminished by 8 to 15 % and more than 40 % in the presence of 100 or 300 ppb of BC. Compared to snow without BC, the albedo is reduced on average by 0.027 and 0.060 in the presence of 100 and 300 ppb BC. While the impact of increasing BC in the snow on the albedo was largest for clean snow, the impact on the local radiative forcing is the opposite. Here, increasing BC caused an even larger impact at higher BC concentrations. This effect is related to an accelerated melting of the snowpack caused by a more efficient meta-morphism of the snow due to an increasing size of the snow grains with increasing BC concentrations. The ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3) Institut Català de Ciències del Clima Barcelona (IC3) CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) National Research Council of Italy EV-K2-CNR Committee, Bergamo, Italy Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jacobi, H.-W Lim, S Ménégoz, M Ginot, P Laj, P Bonasoni, P Stocchi, P Marinoni, A Arnaud, Y |
author_facet |
Jacobi, H.-W Lim, S Ménégoz, M Ginot, P Laj, P Bonasoni, P Stocchi, P Marinoni, A Arnaud, Y |
author_sort |
Jacobi, H.-W |
title |
Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
title_short |
Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
title_full |
Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
title_fullStr |
Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
title_full_unstemmed |
Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
title_sort |
black carbon in snow in the upper himalayan khumbu valley, nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/file/CRYOSPHERE%20Black%20carbon%20in%20snow%20in%20the%20upper%20Himalayan%20Khumbu%20Valley%20Nepal%20observations%20and%20modeling%20of%20the%20impact%20on%20snow%20albedo.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 |
genre |
The Cryosphere The Cryosphere Discussions |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere The Cryosphere Discussions |
op_source |
ISSN: 1994-0432 EISSN: 1994-0440 The Cryosphere Discussions https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 The Cryosphere Discussions, 2015, 9, pp.1685-1699. ⟨10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/file/CRYOSPHERE%20Black%20carbon%20in%20snow%20in%20the%20upper%20Himalayan%20Khumbu%20Valley%20Nepal%20observations%20and%20modeling%20of%20the%20impact%20on%20snow%20albedo.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1685 |
op_container_end_page |
1699 |
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1797571084554338304 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-01235700v1 2024-04-28T08:40:27+00:00 Black carbon in snow in the upper Himalayan Khumbu Valley, Nepal: observations and modeling of the impact on snow albedo, melting, and radiative forcing Jacobi, H.-W Lim, S Ménégoz, M Ginot, P Laj, P Bonasoni, P Stocchi, P Marinoni, A Arnaud, Y Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (IC3) Institut Català de Ciències del Clima Barcelona (IC3) CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) National Research Council of Italy EV-K2-CNR Committee, Bergamo, Italy Laboratoire d'étude des transferts en hydrologie et environnement (LTHE) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2015-08 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/file/CRYOSPHERE%20Black%20carbon%20in%20snow%20in%20the%20upper%20Himalayan%20Khumbu%20Valley%20Nepal%20observations%20and%20modeling%20of%20the%20impact%20on%20snow%20albedo.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 en eng HAL CCSD Copernicus info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700/file/CRYOSPHERE%20Black%20carbon%20in%20snow%20in%20the%20upper%20Himalayan%20Khumbu%20Valley%20Nepal%20observations%20and%20modeling%20of%20the%20impact%20on%20snow%20albedo.pdf doi:10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1994-0432 EISSN: 1994-0440 The Cryosphere Discussions https://insu.hal.science/insu-01235700 The Cryosphere Discussions, 2015, 9, pp.1685-1699. ⟨10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015⟩ [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2015 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1685-2015 2024-04-05T00:49:39Z International audience Black carbon (BC) in snow in the Himalayas has recently attracted considerable interest due to its impact on snow albedo, snow and glacier melting, regional climate and water resources. A single particle soot photometer (SP2) instrument was used to measure refractory BC (rBC) in a series of surface snow samples collected in the upper Khumbu Valley, Nepal between November 2009 and February 2012. The obtained time series indicates annual cycles with maximum rBC concentrations before the onset of the monsoon season and fast decreases during the monsoon period. Detected concentrations ranged from a few up to 70 ppb with rather large uncertainties due to the handling of the samples. Detailed modeling of the snowpack, including the detected range and an estimated upper limit of BC concentrations, was performed to study the role of BC in the seasonal snowpack. Simulations were performed for three winter seasons with the snowpack model Crocus, including a detailed description of the radiative transfer inside the snowpack. While the standard Crocus model strongly overestimates the height and the duration of the seasonal snowpack, a better calculation of the snow albedo with the new radiative transfer scheme enhanced the representation of the snow. However, the period with snow on the ground without BC in the snow was still overestimated between 37 and 66 days, which was further diminished by 8 to 15 % and more than 40 % in the presence of 100 or 300 ppb of BC. Compared to snow without BC, the albedo is reduced on average by 0.027 and 0.060 in the presence of 100 and 300 ppb BC. While the impact of increasing BC in the snow on the albedo was largest for clean snow, the impact on the local radiative forcing is the opposite. Here, increasing BC caused an even larger impact at higher BC concentrations. This effect is related to an accelerated melting of the snowpack caused by a more efficient meta-morphism of the snow due to an increasing size of the snow grains with increasing BC concentrations. The ... Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere The Cryosphere Discussions Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU The Cryosphere 9 4 1685 1699 |