Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica
International audience We present the preliminary results of phase equilibria experiments on a basanite and a phonotephrite, which are used to understand the evolution of alkali magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica. Field observations of the Erebus lava lake indicate complex magmatic behavior at dep...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-00838460v1 2023-06-18T03:38:17+02:00 Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica Iacovino, K. Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, P. R. Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2011 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 en eng HAL CCSD insu-00838460 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 BIBCODE: 2011AGUFM.V43A2558I American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, 2011, United States [8400] VOLCANOLOGY [3612] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Reactions and phase equilibria [3618] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Magma chamber processes [3630] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Experimental mineralogy and petrology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject Conference papers 2011 ftinsu 2023-06-05T18:53:46Z International audience We present the preliminary results of phase equilibria experiments on a basanite and a phonotephrite, which are used to understand the evolution of alkali magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica. Field observations of the Erebus lava lake indicate complex magmatic behavior at depth. In addition, the remarkably complete fractional crystallization sequence of lava types seen in outcrop and their corresponding melt inclusions give an unprecedented look into the interplay between degassing and crystallization in both deep and shallow regions within the magmatic plumbing system. We aim for the first time to experimentally constrain the pre-eruptive conditions of the crystallization and evolution of the Erebus magma suite, with particular emphasis on magma evolution from basanite to phonotephrite. Phase equilibria experiments have been performed between 1000-1150 °C and 200-400 MPa with a range of H2O/CO2 ratios from XH2Ofluid = 0-1 with two natural compositions, a basanite (SiO2 = 42.13 wt%; MgO = 8.73 wt%) and a phonotephrite (SiO2 = 47.19 wt%; MgO = 3.13 wt%), collected on Ross Island, Antarctica. For the conditions thus far explored, augite is the liquidus phase in the basanite, followed by Mg-rich olivine. In the phonotephrite, Fe-Ti oxides are always present with the addition of minor apatite and feldspar in some samples. Preliminary results indicate that fractionation of Erebus basanite to phonotephrite likely occurred at high temperature (>1100 °C), at pressures above 300 MPa, and with sufficient water to stabilize plagioclase. Conference Object Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Lava Lake ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) Ross Island |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[8400] VOLCANOLOGY [3612] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Reactions and phase equilibria [3618] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Magma chamber processes [3630] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Experimental mineralogy and petrology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
spellingShingle |
[8400] VOLCANOLOGY [3612] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Reactions and phase equilibria [3618] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Magma chamber processes [3630] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Experimental mineralogy and petrology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes Iacovino, K. Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, P. R. Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
topic_facet |
[8400] VOLCANOLOGY [3612] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Reactions and phase equilibria [3618] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Magma chamber processes [3630] MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY Experimental mineralogy and petrology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes |
description |
International audience We present the preliminary results of phase equilibria experiments on a basanite and a phonotephrite, which are used to understand the evolution of alkali magmas at Erebus volcano, Antarctica. Field observations of the Erebus lava lake indicate complex magmatic behavior at depth. In addition, the remarkably complete fractional crystallization sequence of lava types seen in outcrop and their corresponding melt inclusions give an unprecedented look into the interplay between degassing and crystallization in both deep and shallow regions within the magmatic plumbing system. We aim for the first time to experimentally constrain the pre-eruptive conditions of the crystallization and evolution of the Erebus magma suite, with particular emphasis on magma evolution from basanite to phonotephrite. Phase equilibria experiments have been performed between 1000-1150 °C and 200-400 MPa with a range of H2O/CO2 ratios from XH2Ofluid = 0-1 with two natural compositions, a basanite (SiO2 = 42.13 wt%; MgO = 8.73 wt%) and a phonotephrite (SiO2 = 47.19 wt%; MgO = 3.13 wt%), collected on Ross Island, Antarctica. For the conditions thus far explored, augite is the liquidus phase in the basanite, followed by Mg-rich olivine. In the phonotephrite, Fe-Ti oxides are always present with the addition of minor apatite and feldspar in some samples. Preliminary results indicate that fractionation of Erebus basanite to phonotephrite likely occurred at high temperature (>1100 °C), at pressures above 300 MPa, and with sufficient water to stabilize plagioclase. |
author2 |
Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Conference Object |
author |
Iacovino, K. Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, P. R. |
author_facet |
Iacovino, K. Oppenheimer, Clive Scaillet, Bruno Kyle, P. R. |
author_sort |
Iacovino, K. |
title |
Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
title_short |
Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
title_full |
Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from Erebus volcano, Antarctica |
title_sort |
experimental constraints on the crystallization and evolution of primitive magmas from erebus volcano, antarctica |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-128.996,-128.996,55.046,55.046) |
geographic |
Lava Lake Ross Island |
geographic_facet |
Lava Lake Ross Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Ross Island |
op_source |
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, 2011, United States |
op_relation |
insu-00838460 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00838460 BIBCODE: 2011AGUFM.V43A2558I |
_version_ |
1769003257897680896 |