Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo
International audience Ir and Pt are siderophile elements that are considered proxies of meteoric material of cosmic origin entrapped within polar ice layers. However, volcanic and anthropogenic fallouts have the potential to perturb their characteristic extraterrestrial signature even in remote pol...
Published in: | Chemical Geology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2008
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 |
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-00381209v1 |
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Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
Iridium Platinum Snow Meteoric smoke Anthropogenic emissions Volcanic emissions [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
spellingShingle |
Iridium Platinum Snow Meteoric smoke Anthropogenic emissions Volcanic emissions [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology Gabrielli, Paolo Barbante, Carlo Plane, John M. C. Boutron, Claude, F. Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc Mather, Tamsin A. Stenni, Barbara Gaspari, Vania Cozzi, Giulio Ferrari, Christophe, P. Cescon, Paolo Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
topic_facet |
Iridium Platinum Snow Meteoric smoke Anthropogenic emissions Volcanic emissions [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
description |
International audience Ir and Pt are siderophile elements that are considered proxies of meteoric material of cosmic origin entrapped within polar ice layers. However, volcanic and anthropogenic fallouts have the potential to perturb their characteristic extraterrestrial signature even in remote polar areas. Here we show a record of Ir and Pt concentrations in snow samples collected from a 2.7 m pit, which was dug at Summit (Central Greenland), and covered five years from winter 1991 to summer 1995. A well-defined peak of Pt, and a spike of Ir, were found at the base of the snow pit record. These maxima occur in close concurrence with large concentration peaks in Al, Ag, Cd and Hg. Dating of the snow layers together with some geochemical evidence suggests that these peaks originated from the fallout to Greenland of volcanic ash emitted by the nearby Hekla volcano (Iceland), during the eruption of January–March 1991. Interestingly, an anomalous peak of methane sulfonic acid (MSA) in Greenland snow also corresponds to the Hekla ash fallout. This might point to an early biomass production in the North Atlantic Ocean during the first half of 1991, which was possibly stimulated by the fertilizing action of the Hekla ash fallout to seawater. During the following years (1992–1995) the global atmosphere was under the influence of the large perturbation produced by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (Philippines) in June 1991. Relatively high Ir and Pt concentrations with super-chondritic ratios are recorded especially during summer 1993. We discuss if this can be interpreted as the possible stratospheric input of Pinatubo's aerosol or fallout of extraterrestrial origin. During the same period the snow pit record was also influenced by the advection of air masses enriched in Pt with respect to Ir. One possibility is that this additional Pt contribution originated from widespread emissions into the troposphere produced by vehicles equipped with catalytic converters. In any case, Pt concentration levels found in recent ... |
author2 |
Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR University of Ca’ Foscari Venice, Italy School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar Research Center Ohio State University Columbus (OSU) Environmental Sciences Department School of Chemistry Leeds University of Leeds Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Physique Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) Department of Earth Sciences Oxford University of Oxford Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche Trieste Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste Polytech Grenoble |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gabrielli, Paolo Barbante, Carlo Plane, John M. C. Boutron, Claude, F. Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc Mather, Tamsin A. Stenni, Barbara Gaspari, Vania Cozzi, Giulio Ferrari, Christophe, P. Cescon, Paolo |
author_facet |
Gabrielli, Paolo Barbante, Carlo Plane, John M. C. Boutron, Claude, F. Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc Mather, Tamsin A. Stenni, Barbara Gaspari, Vania Cozzi, Giulio Ferrari, Christophe, P. Cescon, Paolo |
author_sort |
Gabrielli, Paolo |
title |
Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
title_short |
Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
title_full |
Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
title_fullStr |
Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo |
title_sort |
siderophile metal fallout to greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of hekla (iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of pinatubo |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 |
genre |
Greenland Hekla Iceland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Greenland Hekla Iceland North Atlantic |
op_source |
ISSN: 0009-2541 Chemical Geology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 Chemical Geology, 2008, 255 (1-2), pp.78 à 86. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 insu-00381209 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 |
container_title |
Chemical Geology |
container_volume |
255 |
container_issue |
1-2 |
container_start_page |
78 |
op_container_end_page |
86 |
_version_ |
1797583706285670400 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-00381209v1 2024-04-28T08:21:16+00:00 Siderophile metal fallout to Greenland from the 1991 winter eruption of Hekla (Iceland) and during the global atmospheric perturbation of Pinatubo Gabrielli, Paolo Barbante, Carlo Plane, John M. C. Boutron, Claude, F. Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc Mather, Tamsin A. Stenni, Barbara Gaspari, Vania Cozzi, Giulio Ferrari, Christophe, P. Cescon, Paolo Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR University of Ca’ Foscari Venice, Italy School of Earth Sciences and Byrd Polar Research Center Ohio State University Columbus (OSU) Environmental Sciences Department School of Chemistry Leeds University of Leeds Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité de Formation et de Recherche de Physique Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF) Department of Earth Sciences Oxford University of Oxford Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche Trieste Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste Polytech Grenoble 2008 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 en eng HAL CCSD Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 insu-00381209 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 ISSN: 0009-2541 Chemical Geology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00381209 Chemical Geology, 2008, 255 (1-2), pp.78 à 86. ⟨10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012⟩ Iridium Platinum Snow Meteoric smoke Anthropogenic emissions Volcanic emissions [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2008 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.06.012 2024-04-05T00:31:05Z International audience Ir and Pt are siderophile elements that are considered proxies of meteoric material of cosmic origin entrapped within polar ice layers. However, volcanic and anthropogenic fallouts have the potential to perturb their characteristic extraterrestrial signature even in remote polar areas. Here we show a record of Ir and Pt concentrations in snow samples collected from a 2.7 m pit, which was dug at Summit (Central Greenland), and covered five years from winter 1991 to summer 1995. A well-defined peak of Pt, and a spike of Ir, were found at the base of the snow pit record. These maxima occur in close concurrence with large concentration peaks in Al, Ag, Cd and Hg. Dating of the snow layers together with some geochemical evidence suggests that these peaks originated from the fallout to Greenland of volcanic ash emitted by the nearby Hekla volcano (Iceland), during the eruption of January–March 1991. Interestingly, an anomalous peak of methane sulfonic acid (MSA) in Greenland snow also corresponds to the Hekla ash fallout. This might point to an early biomass production in the North Atlantic Ocean during the first half of 1991, which was possibly stimulated by the fertilizing action of the Hekla ash fallout to seawater. During the following years (1992–1995) the global atmosphere was under the influence of the large perturbation produced by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo (Philippines) in June 1991. Relatively high Ir and Pt concentrations with super-chondritic ratios are recorded especially during summer 1993. We discuss if this can be interpreted as the possible stratospheric input of Pinatubo's aerosol or fallout of extraterrestrial origin. During the same period the snow pit record was also influenced by the advection of air masses enriched in Pt with respect to Ir. One possibility is that this additional Pt contribution originated from widespread emissions into the troposphere produced by vehicles equipped with catalytic converters. In any case, Pt concentration levels found in recent ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Hekla Iceland North Atlantic Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Chemical Geology 255 1-2 78 86 |