The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” .
In this chapter, we present results of a detailed investigation of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption that took place c 40,000 BP. We endeavour to show that the potential impacts of this underrated eruption, in cambination with other environmental factors, demand e reconsideration of the process...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:insu-00260073v1 2023-06-18T03:40:55+02:00 The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . Fedele, Francesco G. Giaccio, Biagio Isaia, Roberto Orsi, Giovanni Carroll, Michael R. Scaillet, Bruno Departimento di Scienze della Terra Camerino Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM) Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2007 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 en eng HAL CCSD Left Coast Press insu-00260073 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 Ling under the shadow. The cultural impacts of volcanic eruptions https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 Ling under the shadow. The cultural impacts of volcanic eruptions, Left Coast Press, pp.19-41, 2007 91.40.Rs [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart Book sections 2007 ftinsu 2023-06-05T23:07:44Z In this chapter, we present results of a detailed investigation of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption that took place c 40,000 BP. We endeavour to show that the potential impacts of this underrated eruption, in cambination with other environmental factors, demand e reconsideration of the processes and rythms that took place in western Eurasia at a crucial point in time represented by the so-called Middle to Upper Palaeolithic 'transition'. The source of the CI eruption was in the Phlegraean Fields Caldera, north-west of Naples in southern Italy (Figure 2.1). Petrologically identified CI ash layers have been reported from inland and marine sequences throughout south-eastern Europe from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Volga River in Russia. The extensive CI deposits can be recognised as the product of the largest volcanic eruption during the past 200,000 years in the Greater Mediterranean area, defined here as including the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Pontic (Black Sea) regions. The eruption was large in both intensity and magnitude. The CI sulphate signal has been recognised in the GISP2 ice core, Greenland (Fedele et al 2003). This eruption can be dated to c 40,000 BP by means of argon-argon measurements supported by correlations with the Greenland ice record. This temporal placement draws attention to the climatic context of a time period centred on 40,000 BP, midway through the Weichselian (Last Glacial) Interpleniglacial, which corresponds to stage of Late Pleistocene environmental straitgraphy (MIS 3 Figures 2.2 and 3). The volcanic catastrophe precisely overlapped with the culmination of the penultimate Bond cycle of Stage 3, a cooling trend that began ~45,000 BP. We therefore propose that a positivefeedback triggered by an exceptional concurrence of factors - climatic change, glaciation, ocean-ice exchange, and latitude - is likely to have had hemispheric or wider effects. The most pronounced of these was the abrupt cooling coeval with the Heinrich Event 4 (HE4) about 40,000 BP. The scenario of a 'volcanic ... Book Part Greenland ice core Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Endeavour ENVELOPE(162.000,162.000,-76.550,-76.550) Greenland |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
91.40.Rs [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
spellingShingle |
91.40.Rs [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology Fedele, Francesco G. Giaccio, Biagio Isaia, Roberto Orsi, Giovanni Carroll, Michael R. Scaillet, Bruno The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
topic_facet |
91.40.Rs [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
description |
In this chapter, we present results of a detailed investigation of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) eruption that took place c 40,000 BP. We endeavour to show that the potential impacts of this underrated eruption, in cambination with other environmental factors, demand e reconsideration of the processes and rythms that took place in western Eurasia at a crucial point in time represented by the so-called Middle to Upper Palaeolithic 'transition'. The source of the CI eruption was in the Phlegraean Fields Caldera, north-west of Naples in southern Italy (Figure 2.1). Petrologically identified CI ash layers have been reported from inland and marine sequences throughout south-eastern Europe from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Volga River in Russia. The extensive CI deposits can be recognised as the product of the largest volcanic eruption during the past 200,000 years in the Greater Mediterranean area, defined here as including the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Pontic (Black Sea) regions. The eruption was large in both intensity and magnitude. The CI sulphate signal has been recognised in the GISP2 ice core, Greenland (Fedele et al 2003). This eruption can be dated to c 40,000 BP by means of argon-argon measurements supported by correlations with the Greenland ice record. This temporal placement draws attention to the climatic context of a time period centred on 40,000 BP, midway through the Weichselian (Last Glacial) Interpleniglacial, which corresponds to stage of Late Pleistocene environmental straitgraphy (MIS 3 Figures 2.2 and 3). The volcanic catastrophe precisely overlapped with the culmination of the penultimate Bond cycle of Stage 3, a cooling trend that began ~45,000 BP. We therefore propose that a positivefeedback triggered by an exceptional concurrence of factors - climatic change, glaciation, ocean-ice exchange, and latitude - is likely to have had hemispheric or wider effects. The most pronounced of these was the abrupt cooling coeval with the Heinrich Event 4 (HE4) about 40,000 BP. The scenario of a 'volcanic ... |
author2 |
Departimento di Scienze della Terra Camerino Università degli Studi di Camerino = University of Camerino (UNICAM) Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Book Part |
author |
Fedele, Francesco G. Giaccio, Biagio Isaia, Roberto Orsi, Giovanni Carroll, Michael R. Scaillet, Bruno |
author_facet |
Fedele, Francesco G. Giaccio, Biagio Isaia, Roberto Orsi, Giovanni Carroll, Michael R. Scaillet, Bruno |
author_sort |
Fedele, Francesco G. |
title |
The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
title_short |
The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
title_full |
The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
title_fullStr |
The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Campanian Ignimbrite Factor: Towards a Reappraisal of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic “Transition” . |
title_sort |
campanian ignimbrite factor: towards a reappraisal of the middle to upper palaeolithic “transition” . |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(162.000,162.000,-76.550,-76.550) |
geographic |
Endeavour Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Endeavour Greenland |
genre |
Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice core |
op_source |
Ling under the shadow. The cultural impacts of volcanic eruptions https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 Ling under the shadow. The cultural impacts of volcanic eruptions, Left Coast Press, pp.19-41, 2007 |
op_relation |
insu-00260073 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00260073 |
_version_ |
1769006284764348416 |