Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014
International audience Basal melting of floating ice shelves and iceberg calving constitute the two almost equal paths of freshwater flux between the Antarctic ice cap and the Southern Ocean. The largest icebergs (>100 km2) transport most of the ice volume but their basal melting is small compare...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747/document https://hal.science/hal-04200747/file/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202015%20-%20Tournadre.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011178 |
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-04200747v1 2024-04-14T08:04:38+00:00 Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 Tournadre, Jean Bouhier, Nicolas Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny Remy, F. Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2016-01 https://hal.science/hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747/document https://hal.science/hal-04200747/file/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202015%20-%20Tournadre.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011178 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley-Blackwell info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2015JC011178 hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747/document https://hal.science/hal-04200747/file/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202015%20-%20Tournadre.pdf doi:10.1002/2015JC011178 http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-9275 EISSN: 2169-9291 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans https://hal.science/hal-04200747 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 2016, 121 (1), pp.327-349. ⟨10.1002/2015JC011178⟩ [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011178 2024-03-21T17:06:29Z International audience Basal melting of floating ice shelves and iceberg calving constitute the two almost equal paths of freshwater flux between the Antarctic ice cap and the Southern Ocean. The largest icebergs (>100 km2) transport most of the ice volume but their basal melting is small compared to their breaking into smaller icebergs that constitute thus the major vector of freshwater. The archives of nine altimeters have been processed to create a database of small icebergs (<8 km2) within open water containing the positions, sizes, and volumes spanning the 1992–2014 period. The intercalibrated monthly ice volumes from the different altimeters have been merged in a homogeneous 23 year climatology. The iceberg size distribution, covering the 0.1–10,000 km2 range, estimated by combining small and large icebergs size measurements follows well a power law of slope −1.52 ± 0.32 close to the −3/2 laws observed and modeled for brittle fragmentation. The global volume of ice and its distribution between the ocean basins present a very strong interannual variability only partially explained by the number of large icebergs. Indeed, vast zones of the Southern Ocean free of large icebergs are largely populated by small iceberg drifting over thousands of kilometers. The correlation between the global small and large icebergs volumes shows that small icebergs are mainly generated by large ones breaking. Drifting and trapping by sea ice can transport small icebergs for long period and distances. Small icebergs act as an ice diffuse process along large icebergs trajectories while sea ice trapping acts as a buffer delaying melting. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Ice cap Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 121 1 327 349 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Tournadre, Jean Bouhier, Nicolas Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny Remy, F. Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
topic_facet |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience Basal melting of floating ice shelves and iceberg calving constitute the two almost equal paths of freshwater flux between the Antarctic ice cap and the Southern Ocean. The largest icebergs (>100 km2) transport most of the ice volume but their basal melting is small compared to their breaking into smaller icebergs that constitute thus the major vector of freshwater. The archives of nine altimeters have been processed to create a database of small icebergs (<8 km2) within open water containing the positions, sizes, and volumes spanning the 1992–2014 period. The intercalibrated monthly ice volumes from the different altimeters have been merged in a homogeneous 23 year climatology. The iceberg size distribution, covering the 0.1–10,000 km2 range, estimated by combining small and large icebergs size measurements follows well a power law of slope −1.52 ± 0.32 close to the −3/2 laws observed and modeled for brittle fragmentation. The global volume of ice and its distribution between the ocean basins present a very strong interannual variability only partially explained by the number of large icebergs. Indeed, vast zones of the Southern Ocean free of large icebergs are largely populated by small iceberg drifting over thousands of kilometers. The correlation between the global small and large icebergs volumes shows that small icebergs are mainly generated by large ones breaking. Drifting and trapping by sea ice can transport small icebergs for long period and distances. Small icebergs act as an ice diffuse process along large icebergs trajectories while sea ice trapping acts as a buffer delaying melting. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tournadre, Jean Bouhier, Nicolas Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny Remy, F. |
author_facet |
Tournadre, Jean Bouhier, Nicolas Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny Remy, F. |
author_sort |
Tournadre, Jean |
title |
Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
title_short |
Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
title_full |
Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
title_fullStr |
Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
title_sort |
antarctic icebergs distributions 1992-2014 |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747/document https://hal.science/hal-04200747/file/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202015%20-%20Tournadre.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011178 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice cap Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ice cap Ice Shelves Iceberg* Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-9275 EISSN: 2169-9291 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans https://hal.science/hal-04200747 Journal of Geophysical Research. Oceans, 2016, 121 (1), pp.327-349. ⟨10.1002/2015JC011178⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/2015JC011178 hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747 https://hal.science/hal-04200747/document https://hal.science/hal-04200747/file/JGR%20Oceans%20-%202015%20-%20Tournadre.pdf doi:10.1002/2015JC011178 |
op_rights |
http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/licences/copyright/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011178 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
121 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
327 |
op_container_end_page |
349 |
_version_ |
1796301294016659456 |