SAR11 clade microdiversity and activity during the early spring blooms off Kerguelen Island, Southern Ocean

• Published in: Environmental Microbiology Reports
• Main Authors: Dinasquet, Julie, Landa, Marine, Obernosterer, Ingrid
• Other Authors: Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne (LOMIC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology; [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography; Southern Ocean
• Online Access: https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03835509; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03835509/document; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03835509/file/Dinasquet-2022-EMIR.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13117

International audience The ecology of the SAR11 clade, the most abundant bacterial group in the ocean, has been intensively studied in temperate and tropical regions, but its distribution remains largely unexplored in the Southern Ocean. Through amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we assessed the contribution of the SAR11 clade to bacterial community composition in the naturally iron fertilized region off Kerguelen Island. We investigated the upper 300 m at seven sites located in early spring phytoplankton blooms and at one high-nutrient low-chlorophyll site. Despite pronounced vertical patterns of the bacterioplankton assemblages, the SAR11 clade had high relative abundances at all depths and sites, averaging 40% (±15%) of the total community relative abundance. Micro-autoradiography combined with CARD-FISH further revealed that the clade had an overall stable contribution (45%–60% in surface waters) to bacterial biomass production (determined by 3H-leucine incorporation) during different early bloom stages. The spatio-temporal partitioning of some of the SAR11 subclades suggests a niche specificity and periodic selection of different subclades in response to the fluctuating extreme conditions of the Southern Ocean. These observations improve our understanding of the ecology of the SAR11 clade and its implications in biogeochemical cycles in the rapidly changing Southern Ocean