Ground oscillations generated by the passage of Tsunamis : Observations and numerical simulations

• Main Authors: Aochi, Hideo, Yamada, Masumi, Ho, Tung-Cheng
• Other Authors: Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI), Kyoto University
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; Greenland; Nuugaatsiaq
• Online Access: https://brgm.hal.science/hal-03780459

International audience The broadband seismic stations near coastlines can record the passage of Tsunami. An example was shown during the 2017 large Greenland Landslide (Chao et al., SRL, 2018; Paris et al. Pageoph, 2019) for which Tsunami traveled along a fjord over 30 km and damaged severely a small coastal village (Nuugaatsiaq) after 10-15 minutes of the estimated origin time of landslide and tsunami generation. Due the lack of coastal measurement such tidal gauge, this seismic station (NUUG) is only the measurement available to characterize the Tsunami passage. The landslide radiated strong seismic waves, detected as an event of magnitude of about 4.8 event in GFZ catalog. We first obtained the source time function as a single force from the teleseismic inversion using five broardband stations available on Greenland. Two large pulses with a time lag of about 100 s was clearly distinguished in the solution. In parallel, the landslide into the sea and tsunami (generation and propagation) were simulated using a finite difference method (Kelfoun et al., JGR, 2010; Shi et al., Ocen Modell., 2012). The area is discretized with 100 m grid over 65 km x 45 km. The volume of landslide and the slope angles were estimated after the available InSAR data (Paris et al., 2019) and digital elevation data. We adapted the model parameters to be consistent with the guessed tsunami propagation (period and wave height). At last, we calculated the ground oscillations both from the single force at the origin of landslide and the spatio-tepmporal evolution of tsunami height. Both terms were added as forces on the ground surface in the framework of the elastodynamic equation using a finite difference method. The ground motions from the landslide attenuate quickly in space and time, while the ones accompanied by tsunami propagation attenuate gradually, namely peak ground velocity attenuates with 1/sqrt(r), where r is the distance from the origin. According to a synthetic case study, NUUG station (a few hundred meters from the coast) ...