Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover
International audience Climate change is transforming marine ecosystems through the expansion and contraction of species’ ranges. Sea ice loss and warming temperatures are expected to expand habitat availability for macroalgae along long stretches of Arctic coastlines. To better understand the curre...
Published in: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2021
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/file/fmars-08-742209.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 |
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-03419695v1 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
Laminariales polar ensemble model species distribution model (SDM) climate change shallow subtidal benthic [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Laminariales polar ensemble model species distribution model (SDM) climate change shallow subtidal benthic [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Goldsmit, Jesica Schlegel, Robert, W Filbee-Dexter, Karen Macgregor, Kathleen, A Johnson, Ladd, E Mundy, Christopher, J Savoie, Amanda, M Mckindsey, Christopher, W Howland, Kimberly, L Archambault, Philippe Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
topic_facet |
Laminariales polar ensemble model species distribution model (SDM) climate change shallow subtidal benthic [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience Climate change is transforming marine ecosystems through the expansion and contraction of species’ ranges. Sea ice loss and warming temperatures are expected to expand habitat availability for macroalgae along long stretches of Arctic coastlines. To better understand the current distribution of kelp forests in the Eastern Canadian Arctic, kelps were sampled along the coasts for species identifications and percent cover. The sampling effort was supplemented with occurrence records from global biodiversity databases, searches in the literature, and museum records. Environmental information and occurrence records were used to develop ensemble models for predicting habitat suitability and a Random Forest model to predict kelp cover for the dominant kelp species in the region – Agarum clathratum , Alaria esculenta , and Laminariaceae species ( Laminaria solidungula and Saccharina latissima ). Ice thickness, sea temperature and salinity explained the highest percentage of kelp distribution. Both modeling approaches showed that the current extent of arctic kelps is potentially much greater than the available records suggest. These modeling approaches were projected into the future using predicted environmental data for 2050 and 2100 based on the most extreme emission scenario (RCP 8.5). The models agreed that predicted distribution of kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic is likely to expand to more northern locations under future emissions scenarios, with the exception of the endemic arctic kelp L. solidungula , which is more likely to lose a significant proportion of suitable habitat. However, there were differences among species regarding predicted cover for both current and future projections. Notwithstanding model-specific variation, it is evident that kelps are widespread throughout the area and likely contribute significantly to the functioning of current Arctic ecosystems. Our results emphasize the importance of kelp in Arctic ecosystems and the underestimation of their potential ... |
author2 |
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Dalhousie University Halifax Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV) Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) The University of Western Australia (UWA) Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER) Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Goldsmit, Jesica Schlegel, Robert, W Filbee-Dexter, Karen Macgregor, Kathleen, A Johnson, Ladd, E Mundy, Christopher, J Savoie, Amanda, M Mckindsey, Christopher, W Howland, Kimberly, L Archambault, Philippe |
author_facet |
Goldsmit, Jesica Schlegel, Robert, W Filbee-Dexter, Karen Macgregor, Kathleen, A Johnson, Ladd, E Mundy, Christopher, J Savoie, Amanda, M Mckindsey, Christopher, W Howland, Kimberly, L Archambault, Philippe |
author_sort |
Goldsmit, Jesica |
title |
Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
title_short |
Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
title_full |
Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
title_fullStr |
Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
title_full_unstemmed |
Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover |
title_sort |
kelp in the eastern canadian arctic: current and future predictions of habitat suitability and cover |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/file/fmars-08-742209.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 2296-7745 Frontiers in Marine Science https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021, 18, ⟨10.3389/fmars.2021.742209⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/file/fmars-08-742209.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
18 |
_version_ |
1781694024174796800 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-03419695v1 2023-11-05T03:38:20+01:00 Kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: Current and Future Predictions of Habitat Suitability and Cover Goldsmit, Jesica Schlegel, Robert, W Filbee-Dexter, Karen Macgregor, Kathleen, A Johnson, Ladd, E Mundy, Christopher, J Savoie, Amanda, M Mckindsey, Christopher, W Howland, Kimberly, L Archambault, Philippe Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Dalhousie University Halifax Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV) Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) The University of Western Australia (UWA) Institut des Sciences de la MER de Rimouski (ISMER) Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR) 2021-10-07 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/file/fmars-08-742209.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 en eng HAL CCSD Frontiers Media info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695/file/fmars-08-742209.pdf doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2296-7745 Frontiers in Marine Science https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03419695 Frontiers in Marine Science, 2021, 18, ⟨10.3389/fmars.2021.742209⟩ Laminariales polar ensemble model species distribution model (SDM) climate change shallow subtidal benthic [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2021 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.742209 2023-10-11T16:32:10Z International audience Climate change is transforming marine ecosystems through the expansion and contraction of species’ ranges. Sea ice loss and warming temperatures are expected to expand habitat availability for macroalgae along long stretches of Arctic coastlines. To better understand the current distribution of kelp forests in the Eastern Canadian Arctic, kelps were sampled along the coasts for species identifications and percent cover. The sampling effort was supplemented with occurrence records from global biodiversity databases, searches in the literature, and museum records. Environmental information and occurrence records were used to develop ensemble models for predicting habitat suitability and a Random Forest model to predict kelp cover for the dominant kelp species in the region – Agarum clathratum , Alaria esculenta , and Laminariaceae species ( Laminaria solidungula and Saccharina latissima ). Ice thickness, sea temperature and salinity explained the highest percentage of kelp distribution. Both modeling approaches showed that the current extent of arctic kelps is potentially much greater than the available records suggest. These modeling approaches were projected into the future using predicted environmental data for 2050 and 2100 based on the most extreme emission scenario (RCP 8.5). The models agreed that predicted distribution of kelp in the Eastern Canadian Arctic is likely to expand to more northern locations under future emissions scenarios, with the exception of the endemic arctic kelp L. solidungula , which is more likely to lose a significant proportion of suitable habitat. However, there were differences among species regarding predicted cover for both current and future projections. Notwithstanding model-specific variation, it is evident that kelps are widespread throughout the area and likely contribute significantly to the functioning of current Arctic ecosystems. Our results emphasize the importance of kelp in Arctic ecosystems and the underestimation of their potential ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Climate change Sea ice Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Frontiers in Marine Science 18 |