| Summary: | International audience The overexploitation of the oceans was already described, in the 1950s and 1960s, by great female figures in conservation ecology, such as Rachel Carson, Aliette Geistdoerfer, Anita Conti. The latter, great "lady of the sea", pioneer of maritime ecology, embarked in 1952 for six months on the salt trawler Bois-Rosé. There she shared the life of the fishermen of Newfoundland and brought back her bestseller, Ocean Scrapers. These two whistleblowers denounced, here the pesticide scandal, there the disaster due to overfishing and the impact of human consumption, through their books Silent Spring, This Sea Surrounding Us (Carson, 1962) and Racleurs d ' Ocean (Conti, 1953). These women urge ecological awareness in close relation with the social, without ever sinking into mystique. From the informed cries they launch, the notions of conservation, then ecology and finally the environment are gradually entering the public sphere, but even today, this does not go without saying for decision-makers. This global awareness of the limit of fishery resources has since been symbolized by the Paris conference in 2015. Thus, based on the surveys carried out on our study sites, we will analyze the determinants that make here we are witnessing a real scraping of the oceans, while there, everything is being done to remedy it, thanks to a transformation of the ways of thinking about management ("ecosystem-based management"), supposed to make it possible to increase sustainability by studying the conditions for the resilience of socio-ecosystems and by developing a governance and management system capable of promoting it. La surexploitation des océans était déjà décrite, dans les années 50-60, par de grandes figures féminines de l’écologie de la conservation, telles Rachel Carson, Aliette Geistdoerfer, Anita Conti. Cette dernière, grande « dame de la mer », pionnière de l’écologie maritime, embarqua en 1952 pour six mois sur le chalutier-saleur Bois-Rosé. Elle y partagea la vie des pêcheurs de Terre-Neuve et ...
|
|---|