Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean
International audience The decline of sea-ice thickness, area, and volume due to the transition from multi-year to first-year sea ice has improved the under-ice light environment for pelagic Arctic ecosystems. One unexpected and direct consequence of this transition, the proliferation of under-ice p...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2020
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648/document https://hal.science/hal-03095648/file/Ardyna%20et%20al%202020.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.430 |
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openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography Ardyna, Mathieu Mundy, C.J. Mills, Matthew M. Oziel, Laurent Grondin, Pierre-Luc Lacour, Leo Verin, Gauthier van Dijken, Gert Ras, Josephine Alou-Font, Eva Babin, Marcel Gosselin, Michel Tremblay, Jean-Eric Raimbault, Patrick Assmy, Philipp Nicolaus, Marcel Claustre, Herve Arrigo, Kevin R. Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography |
description |
International audience The decline of sea-ice thickness, area, and volume due to the transition from multi-year to first-year sea ice has improved the under-ice light environment for pelagic Arctic ecosystems. One unexpected and direct consequence of this transition, the proliferation of under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs), challenges the paradigm that waters beneath the ice pack harbor little planktonic life. Little is known about the diversity and spatial distribution of UIBs in the Arctic Ocean, or the environmental drivers behind their timing, magnitude, and taxonomic composition. Here, we compiled a unique and comprehensive dataset from seven major research projects in the Arctic Ocean (11 expeditions, covering the spring sea-ice-covered period to summer ice-free conditions) to identify the environmental drivers responsible for initiating and shaping the magnitude and assemblage structure of UIBs. The temporal dynamics behind UIB formation are related to the ways that snow and sea-ice conditions impact the under-ice light field. In particular, the onset of snowmelt significantly increased under-ice light availability (>0.1–0.2 mol photons m–2 d–1), marking the concomitant termination of the sea-ice algal bloom and initiation of UIBs. At the pan-Arctic scale, bloom magnitude (expressed as maximum chlorophyll a concentration) was predicted best by winter water Si(OH)4 and PO43– concentrations, as well as Si(OH)4:NO3– and PO43–:NO3– drawdown ratios, but not NO3– concentration. Two main phytoplankton assemblages dominated UIBs (diatoms or Phaeocystis), driven primarily by the winter nitrate:silicate (NO3–:Si(OH)4) ratio and the under-ice light climate. Phaeocystis co-dominated in low Si(OH)4 (i.e., NO3:Si(OH)4 molar ratios >1) waters, while diatoms contributed the bulk of UIB biomass when Si(OH)4 was high (i.e., NO3:Si(OH)4 molar ratios <1). The implications of such differences in UIB composition could have important ramifications for Arctic biogeochemical cycles, and ultimately impact carbon flow ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV) Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ardyna, Mathieu Mundy, C.J. Mills, Matthew M. Oziel, Laurent Grondin, Pierre-Luc Lacour, Leo Verin, Gauthier van Dijken, Gert Ras, Josephine Alou-Font, Eva Babin, Marcel Gosselin, Michel Tremblay, Jean-Eric Raimbault, Patrick Assmy, Philipp Nicolaus, Marcel Claustre, Herve Arrigo, Kevin R. |
author_facet |
Ardyna, Mathieu Mundy, C.J. Mills, Matthew M. Oziel, Laurent Grondin, Pierre-Luc Lacour, Leo Verin, Gauthier van Dijken, Gert Ras, Josephine Alou-Font, Eva Babin, Marcel Gosselin, Michel Tremblay, Jean-Eric Raimbault, Patrick Assmy, Philipp Nicolaus, Marcel Claustre, Herve Arrigo, Kevin R. |
author_sort |
Ardyna, Mathieu |
title |
Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
title_short |
Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full |
Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean |
title_sort |
environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the arctic ocean |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648/document https://hal.science/hal-03095648/file/Ardyna%20et%20al%202020.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.430 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean ice pack Phytoplankton Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean ice pack Phytoplankton Sea ice |
op_source |
EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.science/hal-03095648 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 2020, 8 (1), pp.30. ⟨10.1525/elementa.430⟩ https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article/doi/10.1525/elementa.430/114475/Environmental-drivers-of-under-ice-phytoplankton |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1525/elementa.430 hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648/document https://hal.science/hal-03095648/file/Ardyna%20et%20al%202020.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.430 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.43010.1525/elementa.430/114475/Environmental-drivers-of-under-ice-phytoplankton |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
8 |
_version_ |
1784263283413352448 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-03095648v1 2023-12-03T10:16:22+01:00 Environmental drivers of under-ice phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Arctic Ocean Ardyna, Mathieu Mundy, C.J. Mills, Matthew M. Oziel, Laurent Grondin, Pierre-Luc Lacour, Leo Verin, Gauthier van Dijken, Gert Ras, Josephine Alou-Font, Eva Babin, Marcel Gosselin, Michel Tremblay, Jean-Eric Raimbault, Patrick Assmy, Philipp Nicolaus, Marcel Claustre, Herve Arrigo, Kevin R. Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV) Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2020-01-01 https://hal.science/hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648/document https://hal.science/hal-03095648/file/Ardyna%20et%20al%202020.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.430 en eng HAL CCSD University of California Press info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1525/elementa.430 hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648 https://hal.science/hal-03095648/document https://hal.science/hal-03095648/file/Ardyna%20et%20al%202020.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.430 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.science/hal-03095648 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 2020, 8 (1), pp.30. ⟨10.1525/elementa.430⟩ https://online.ucpress.edu/elementa/article/doi/10.1525/elementa.430/114475/Environmental-drivers-of-under-ice-phytoplankton [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.43010.1525/elementa.430/114475/Environmental-drivers-of-under-ice-phytoplankton 2023-11-08T17:28:10Z International audience The decline of sea-ice thickness, area, and volume due to the transition from multi-year to first-year sea ice has improved the under-ice light environment for pelagic Arctic ecosystems. One unexpected and direct consequence of this transition, the proliferation of under-ice phytoplankton blooms (UIBs), challenges the paradigm that waters beneath the ice pack harbor little planktonic life. Little is known about the diversity and spatial distribution of UIBs in the Arctic Ocean, or the environmental drivers behind their timing, magnitude, and taxonomic composition. Here, we compiled a unique and comprehensive dataset from seven major research projects in the Arctic Ocean (11 expeditions, covering the spring sea-ice-covered period to summer ice-free conditions) to identify the environmental drivers responsible for initiating and shaping the magnitude and assemblage structure of UIBs. The temporal dynamics behind UIB formation are related to the ways that snow and sea-ice conditions impact the under-ice light field. In particular, the onset of snowmelt significantly increased under-ice light availability (>0.1–0.2 mol photons m–2 d–1), marking the concomitant termination of the sea-ice algal bloom and initiation of UIBs. At the pan-Arctic scale, bloom magnitude (expressed as maximum chlorophyll a concentration) was predicted best by winter water Si(OH)4 and PO43– concentrations, as well as Si(OH)4:NO3– and PO43–:NO3– drawdown ratios, but not NO3– concentration. Two main phytoplankton assemblages dominated UIBs (diatoms or Phaeocystis), driven primarily by the winter nitrate:silicate (NO3–:Si(OH)4) ratio and the under-ice light climate. Phaeocystis co-dominated in low Si(OH)4 (i.e., NO3:Si(OH)4 molar ratios >1) waters, while diatoms contributed the bulk of UIB biomass when Si(OH)4 was high (i.e., NO3:Si(OH)4 molar ratios <1). The implications of such differences in UIB composition could have important ramifications for Arctic biogeochemical cycles, and ultimately impact carbon flow ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean ice pack Phytoplankton Sea ice Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Arctic Arctic Ocean Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 8 |