Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland

International audience The Early Holocene (12-8.2 cal ka) deglaciation and pulsed warming was associated in Iceland with two major generations of jökulhlaups around the Vatna ice-cap (Vatnajökull), at ca 11.4-11.2 cal ka and ca 10.4-9.9 cal ka, and major tephra emissions from the Grímsvötn and Bárða...

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Published in:International Journal of Earth Sciences
Main Authors: van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte, Knudsen, Oskar, Guðmundsson, Agust, Guillou, Hervé, Chazot, Gilles, Langlade, Jessica, Liorzou, Céline, Nonnotte, Philippe
Other Authors: Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reykjavík University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: HAL CCSD 2020
Subjects:
Ice
Online Access:https://hal.science/hal-02938576
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/document
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/file/74845.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9
id ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-02938576v1
record_format openpolar
institution Open Polar
collection Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU
op_collection_id ftinsu
language English
topic Holocene
Deglaciation
Iceland
Geomorphology
Glacial
Flood
Sedimentology
Tephra
Glacio-isostatic rebound
Permafrost
Saksunarvatn event
Askja S
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces
environment
spellingShingle Holocene
Deglaciation
Iceland
Geomorphology
Glacial
Flood
Sedimentology
Tephra
Glacio-isostatic rebound
Permafrost
Saksunarvatn event
Askja S
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces
environment
van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte
Knudsen, Oskar
Guðmundsson, Agust
Guillou, Hervé
Chazot, Gilles
Langlade, Jessica
Liorzou, Céline
Nonnotte, Philippe
Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
topic_facet Holocene
Deglaciation
Iceland
Geomorphology
Glacial
Flood
Sedimentology
Tephra
Glacio-isostatic rebound
Permafrost
Saksunarvatn event
Askja S
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean
Atmosphere
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces
environment
description International audience The Early Holocene (12-8.2 cal ka) deglaciation and pulsed warming was associated in Iceland with two major generations of jökulhlaups around the Vatna ice-cap (Vatnajökull), at ca 11.4-11.2 cal ka and ca 10.4-9.9 cal ka, and major tephra emissions from the Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga subglacial volcanoes. The earliest flood events were recorded inland during the Middle Younger Dryas and their deposits were overlain by the Early Preboreal Vedde Ash (11.8 cal ka). The first Holocene flood events (ca 11.4-11.2 cal ka) are issued from a glacial advance. The second, and major, set of floods was partly driven by the Erdalen cold events and advances (10.1-9.7 10Be ka) initially issued from the Bárðarbunga (10.4, 10.1-9.9 ka) and Grímsvötn volcanoes (Saksunarvatn tephra complex, ca. 10.2-9.9 cal ka). These floods were also fed by the residual glacio-isostatic depressions below the Vatnajökull that enabled the storage of meltwaters in large subglacial lakes or aquifers until ca. 9.3 cal ka. This storage was enhanced by icedamming and permafrost, especially during the twinned Erdalen events. Due to the glacio-isostatic rebound, the general slope was nearly flat, and the valley was partly filled with sediments until ca 10.8 cal ka. Temporary lacustrine deposits in this valley resulted from the very broad splay of waters as for the ca 11.2 cal ka and ca 10.1-9.9 cal ka flood, due to regional permafrost. These floods had a potential duration of several months as they were mostly fed by climate-driven meltwater. The maximal volume evacuated by these events did not greatly exceed 1 × 106 m3 s−1 from the flood-affected transverse profile of the valleys that remain partly filled with sediments.
author2 Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO)
Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Reykjavík University
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE)
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA))
Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN)
Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA))
Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte
Knudsen, Oskar
Guðmundsson, Agust
Guillou, Hervé
Chazot, Gilles
Langlade, Jessica
Liorzou, Céline
Nonnotte, Philippe
author_facet van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte
Knudsen, Oskar
Guðmundsson, Agust
Guillou, Hervé
Chazot, Gilles
Langlade, Jessica
Liorzou, Céline
Nonnotte, Philippe
author_sort van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte
title Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
title_short Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
title_full Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
title_fullStr Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
title_full_unstemmed Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland
title_sort volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal jökulhlaups in iceland
publisher HAL CCSD
publishDate 2020
url https://hal.science/hal-02938576
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/document
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/file/74845.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9
genre Ice
Ice cap
Iceland
permafrost
Vatnajökull
genre_facet Ice
Ice cap
Iceland
permafrost
Vatnajökull
op_source ISSN: 1437-3254
EISSN: 1437-3262
International Journal of Earth Sciences
https://hal.science/hal-02938576
International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020, 109 (3), pp.847-876. ⟨10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9⟩
op_relation info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9
hal-02938576
https://hal.science/hal-02938576
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/document
https://hal.science/hal-02938576/file/74845.pdf
doi:10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9
container_title International Journal of Earth Sciences
container_volume 109
container_issue 3
container_start_page 847
op_container_end_page 876
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spelling ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-02938576v1 2024-04-28T08:23:48+00:00 Volcanoes and climate: the triggering of preboreal Jökulhlaups in Iceland van Vliet-Lanoë, Brigitte Knudsen, Oskar Guðmundsson, Agust Guillou, Hervé Chazot, Gilles Langlade, Jessica Liorzou, Céline Nonnotte, Philippe Laboratoire Géosciences Océan (LGO) Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Reykjavík University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) 2020-04 https://hal.science/hal-02938576 https://hal.science/hal-02938576/document https://hal.science/hal-02938576/file/74845.pdf https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9 en eng HAL CCSD Springer Verlag info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9 hal-02938576 https://hal.science/hal-02938576 https://hal.science/hal-02938576/document https://hal.science/hal-02938576/file/74845.pdf doi:10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1437-3254 EISSN: 1437-3262 International Journal of Earth Sciences https://hal.science/hal-02938576 International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020, 109 (3), pp.847-876. ⟨10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9⟩ Holocene Deglaciation Iceland Geomorphology Glacial Flood Sedimentology Tephra Glacio-isostatic rebound Permafrost Saksunarvatn event Askja S [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-020-01833-9 2024-04-05T00:37:31Z International audience The Early Holocene (12-8.2 cal ka) deglaciation and pulsed warming was associated in Iceland with two major generations of jökulhlaups around the Vatna ice-cap (Vatnajökull), at ca 11.4-11.2 cal ka and ca 10.4-9.9 cal ka, and major tephra emissions from the Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga subglacial volcanoes. The earliest flood events were recorded inland during the Middle Younger Dryas and their deposits were overlain by the Early Preboreal Vedde Ash (11.8 cal ka). The first Holocene flood events (ca 11.4-11.2 cal ka) are issued from a glacial advance. The second, and major, set of floods was partly driven by the Erdalen cold events and advances (10.1-9.7 10Be ka) initially issued from the Bárðarbunga (10.4, 10.1-9.9 ka) and Grímsvötn volcanoes (Saksunarvatn tephra complex, ca. 10.2-9.9 cal ka). These floods were also fed by the residual glacio-isostatic depressions below the Vatnajökull that enabled the storage of meltwaters in large subglacial lakes or aquifers until ca. 9.3 cal ka. This storage was enhanced by icedamming and permafrost, especially during the twinned Erdalen events. Due to the glacio-isostatic rebound, the general slope was nearly flat, and the valley was partly filled with sediments until ca 10.8 cal ka. Temporary lacustrine deposits in this valley resulted from the very broad splay of waters as for the ca 11.2 cal ka and ca 10.1-9.9 cal ka flood, due to regional permafrost. These floods had a potential duration of several months as they were mostly fed by climate-driven meltwater. The maximal volume evacuated by these events did not greatly exceed 1 × 106 m3 s−1 from the flood-affected transverse profile of the valleys that remain partly filled with sediments. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ice Ice cap Iceland permafrost Vatnajökull Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU International Journal of Earth Sciences 109 3 847 876