Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1
International audience Climate forcing, sensitivity, and feedback metrics are evaluated in both the United Kingdom's physical climate model HadGEM3‐GC3.1 at low (‐LL) and medium (‐MM) resolution and the United Kingdom's Earth System Model UKESM1. The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) t...
Published in: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2019
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/file/Andrews_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Advances_in_Modeling_Earth_Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001866 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
Climate feedback RFMIP Climate Sensitivity CMIP6 CFMIP Radiative forcing [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
Climate feedback RFMIP Climate Sensitivity CMIP6 CFMIP Radiative forcing [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Andrews, Timothy J. Andrews, Martin B. Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro Jones, Gareth, S Kuhlbrodt, Till Manners, James Menary, Matthew, B Ridley, Jeff Ringer, Mark, A Sellar, Alistair, A Senior, Catherine A. Tang, Yongming Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
topic_facet |
Climate feedback RFMIP Climate Sensitivity CMIP6 CFMIP Radiative forcing [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Climate forcing, sensitivity, and feedback metrics are evaluated in both the United Kingdom's physical climate model HadGEM3‐GC3.1 at low (‐LL) and medium (‐MM) resolution and the United Kingdom's Earth System Model UKESM1. The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) to a doubling of CO 2 is 5.5 K for HadGEM3.1‐GC3.1‐LL and 5.4 K for UKESM1. The transient climate response is 2.5 and 2.8 K, respectively. While the EffCS is larger than that seen in the previous generation of models, none of the model's forcing or feedback processes are found to be atypical of models, though the cloud feedback is at the high end. The relatively large EffCS results from an unusual combination of a typical CO 2 forcing with a relatively small feedback parameter. Compared to the previous U.K. climate model, HadGEM3‐GC2.0, the EffCS has increased from 3.2 to 5.5 K due to an increase in CO 2 forcing, surface albedo feedback, and midlatitude cloud feedback. All changes are well understood and due to physical improvements in the model. At higher atmospheric and ocean resolution (HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐MM), there is a compensation between increased marine stratocumulus cloud feedback and reduced Antarctic sea‐ice feedback. In UKESM1, a CO 2 fertilization effect induces a land surface vegetation change and albedo radiative effect. Historical aerosol forcing in HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐LL is −1.1 W m−2. In HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐LL historical simulations, cloud feedback is found to be less positive than in abrupt‐4xCO 2 , in agreement with atmosphere‐only experiments forced with observed historical sea surface temperature and sea‐ice variations. However, variability in the coupled model's historical sea‐ice trends hampers accurate diagnosis of the model's total historical feedback. |
author2 |
Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter University of Reading (UOR) University of Exeter Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) European Project: 641816,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,CRESCENDO(2015) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Andrews, Timothy J. Andrews, Martin B. Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro Jones, Gareth, S Kuhlbrodt, Till Manners, James Menary, Matthew, B Ridley, Jeff Ringer, Mark, A Sellar, Alistair, A Senior, Catherine A. Tang, Yongming |
author_facet |
Andrews, Timothy J. Andrews, Martin B. Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro Jones, Gareth, S Kuhlbrodt, Till Manners, James Menary, Matthew, B Ridley, Jeff Ringer, Mark, A Sellar, Alistair, A Senior, Catherine A. Tang, Yongming |
author_sort |
Andrews, Timothy J. |
title |
Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
title_short |
Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
title_full |
Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
title_fullStr |
Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 |
title_sort |
forcings, feedbacks, and climate sensitivity in hadgem3-gc3.1 and ukesm1 |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/file/Andrews_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Advances_in_Modeling_Earth_Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001866 |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 1942-2466 Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 2019, 11 (12), pp.4377-4394. ⟨10.1029/2019MS001866⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2019MS001866 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//641816/EU/Coordinated Research in Earth Systems and Climate: Experiments, kNowledge, Dissemination and Outreach/CRESCENDO hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/file/Andrews_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Advances_in_Modeling_Earth_Systems.pdf doi:10.1029/2019MS001866 WOS: 000502989000001 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001866 |
container_title |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
4377 |
op_container_end_page |
4394 |
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spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-02430816v1 2024-04-28T07:57:12+00:00 Forcings, Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity in HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1 Andrews, Timothy J. Andrews, Martin B. Bodas-Salcedo, Alejandro Jones, Gareth, S Kuhlbrodt, Till Manners, James Menary, Matthew, B Ridley, Jeff Ringer, Mark, A Sellar, Alistair, A Senior, Catherine A. Tang, Yongming Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter University of Reading (UOR) University of Exeter Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) European Project: 641816,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,CRESCENDO(2015) 2019-12 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/file/Andrews_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Advances_in_Modeling_Earth_Systems.pdf https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001866 en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1029/2019MS001866 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//641816/EU/Coordinated Research in Earth Systems and Climate: Experiments, kNowledge, Dissemination and Outreach/CRESCENDO hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/document https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816/file/Andrews_et_al-2019-Journal_of_Advances_in_Modeling_Earth_Systems.pdf doi:10.1029/2019MS001866 WOS: 000502989000001 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1942-2466 Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-02430816 Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 2019, 11 (12), pp.4377-4394. ⟨10.1029/2019MS001866⟩ Climate feedback RFMIP Climate Sensitivity CMIP6 CFMIP Radiative forcing [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2019 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001866 2024-04-05T00:43:15Z International audience Climate forcing, sensitivity, and feedback metrics are evaluated in both the United Kingdom's physical climate model HadGEM3‐GC3.1 at low (‐LL) and medium (‐MM) resolution and the United Kingdom's Earth System Model UKESM1. The effective climate sensitivity (EffCS) to a doubling of CO 2 is 5.5 K for HadGEM3.1‐GC3.1‐LL and 5.4 K for UKESM1. The transient climate response is 2.5 and 2.8 K, respectively. While the EffCS is larger than that seen in the previous generation of models, none of the model's forcing or feedback processes are found to be atypical of models, though the cloud feedback is at the high end. The relatively large EffCS results from an unusual combination of a typical CO 2 forcing with a relatively small feedback parameter. Compared to the previous U.K. climate model, HadGEM3‐GC2.0, the EffCS has increased from 3.2 to 5.5 K due to an increase in CO 2 forcing, surface albedo feedback, and midlatitude cloud feedback. All changes are well understood and due to physical improvements in the model. At higher atmospheric and ocean resolution (HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐MM), there is a compensation between increased marine stratocumulus cloud feedback and reduced Antarctic sea‐ice feedback. In UKESM1, a CO 2 fertilization effect induces a land surface vegetation change and albedo radiative effect. Historical aerosol forcing in HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐LL is −1.1 W m−2. In HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐LL historical simulations, cloud feedback is found to be less positive than in abrupt‐4xCO 2 , in agreement with atmosphere‐only experiments forced with observed historical sea surface temperature and sea‐ice variations. However, variability in the coupled model's historical sea‐ice trends hampers accurate diagnosis of the model's total historical feedback. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11 12 4377 4394 |