Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years
International audience Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s...
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459/document https://hal.science/hal-01618459/file/235394_235394.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 |
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-01618459v1 2024-02-11T10:06:10+01:00 Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2016-02 https://hal.science/hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459/document https://hal.science/hal-01618459/file/235394_235394.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/gcb.13100 hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459/document https://hal.science/hal-01618459/file/235394_235394.pdf doi:10.1111/gcb.13100 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1354-1013 EISSN: 1365-2486 Global Change Biology https://hal.science/hal-01618459 Global Change Biology, 2016, 22 (2), pp.604 - 612. ⟨10.1111/gcb.13100⟩ [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 2024-01-24T17:31:50Z International audience Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Global Change Biology 22 2 604 612 |
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Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
topic_facet |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
description |
International audience Shifts in global climate resonate in plankton dynamics, biogeochemical cycles, and marine food webs. We studied these linkages in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (NASG), which hosts extensive phytoplankton blooms. We show that phytoplankton abundance increased since the 1960s in parallel to a deepening of the mixed layer and a strengthening of winds and heat losses from the ocean, as driven by the low frequency of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). In parallel to these bottom-up processes, the top-down control of phytoplankton by copepods decreased over the same time period in the western NASG, following sea surface temperature changes typical of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). While previous studies have hypothesized that climate-driven warming would facilitate seasonal stratification of surface waters and long-term phytoplankton increase in subpolar regions, here we show that deeper mixed layers in the NASG can be warmer and host a higher phytoplankton biomass. These results emphasize that different modes of climate variability regulate bottom-up (NAO control) and top-down (AMO control) forcing on phytoplankton at decadal timescales. As a consequence, different relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton, and their physical environment appear subject to the disparate temporal scale of the observations (seasonal, interannual, or decadal). The prediction of phytoplankton response to climate change should be built upon what is learnt from observations at the longest timescales. |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV) Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David |
author_facet |
Martinez, Elodie Raitsos, Dionysios E. Antoine, David |
author_sort |
Martinez, Elodie |
title |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_short |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_fullStr |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
title_sort |
warmer, deeper, and greener mixed layers in the north atlantic subpolar gyre over the last 50 years |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459/document https://hal.science/hal-01618459/file/235394_235394.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Copepods |
op_source |
ISSN: 1354-1013 EISSN: 1365-2486 Global Change Biology https://hal.science/hal-01618459 Global Change Biology, 2016, 22 (2), pp.604 - 612. ⟨10.1111/gcb.13100⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/gcb.13100 hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459 https://hal.science/hal-01618459/document https://hal.science/hal-01618459/file/235394_235394.pdf doi:10.1111/gcb.13100 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13100 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
22 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
604 |
op_container_end_page |
612 |
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1790603697803231232 |