Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]RIVAGE International audience The eruption of Samalas in Indonesia in 1257 ranks among the largest sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era with sulfur deposition in ice cores reaching twice the volume of the Tambora eruption in 1815. Sedimentological analyses of...
Published in: | Nature Geoscience |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2017
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01497225 https://hal.science/hal-01497225/document https://hal.science/hal-01497225/file/Guillet_et_al_1257_1258_Nature_Geoscience_Format_Final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2875 |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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English |
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Indonésie éruption volcanique Samalas impact sur le climat [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
spellingShingle |
Indonésie éruption volcanique Samalas impact sur le climat [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology Guillet, Sébastien Corona, Christophe Stoffel, Markus Khodri, Myriam Lavigne, Franck Ortega, Pablo Eckert, Nicolas Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne Daux, Valérie Churakova (sidorova), Olga v. Davi, Nicole Édouard, Jean-Louis Zhang, Yong Luckman, Brian H. Myglan, Vladimir S. Guiot, Joel Beniston, Martin Masson-Delmotte, Valérie Oppenheimer, Clive Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
topic_facet |
Indonésie éruption volcanique Samalas impact sur le climat [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology |
description |
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]RIVAGE International audience The eruption of Samalas in Indonesia in 1257 ranks among the largest sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era with sulfur deposition in ice cores reaching twice the volume of the Tambora eruption in 1815. Sedimentological analyses of deposits confirm the exceptional size of the event, which had both an eruption magnitude and a volcanic explosivity index of 7. During the Samalas eruption, more than 40 km 3 of dense magma was expelled and the eruption column is estimated to have reached altitudes of 43 km. However, the climatic response to the Samalas event is debated since climate model simulations generally predict a stronger and more prolonged surface air cooling of Northern Hemisphere summers than inferred from tree-ring-based temperature reconstructions. Here, we draw on historical archives, ice-core data and tree-ring records to reconstruct the spatial and temporal climate response to the Samalas eruption. We find that 1258 and 1259 experienced some of the coldest Northern Hemisphere summers of the past millennium. However, cooling across the Northern Hemisphere was spatially heterogeneous. Western Europe, Siberia and Japan experienced strong cooling, coinciding with warmer-than-average conditions over Alaska and northern Canada. We suggest that in North America, volcanic radiative forcing was modulated by a positive phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Contemporary records attest to severe famines in England and Japan, but these began prior to the eruption. We conclude that the Samalas eruption aggravated existing crises, but did not trigger the famines. |
author2 |
Dendrolab.ch Bern Institute of Geological Sciences Bern Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE)-Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE) Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM) Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE) Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE) Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP) Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) NCAS-Climate Reading Department of Meteorology Reading University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR) Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)) Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) Columbia University New York Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ) Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR) Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Branch (CAS) Department of Geography London, Ontario University of Western Ontario (UWO) Siberian Federal University (SibFU) Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Guillet, Sébastien Corona, Christophe Stoffel, Markus Khodri, Myriam Lavigne, Franck Ortega, Pablo Eckert, Nicolas Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne Daux, Valérie Churakova (sidorova), Olga v. Davi, Nicole Édouard, Jean-Louis Zhang, Yong Luckman, Brian H. Myglan, Vladimir S. Guiot, Joel Beniston, Martin Masson-Delmotte, Valérie Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_facet |
Guillet, Sébastien Corona, Christophe Stoffel, Markus Khodri, Myriam Lavigne, Franck Ortega, Pablo Eckert, Nicolas Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne Daux, Valérie Churakova (sidorova), Olga v. Davi, Nicole Édouard, Jean-Louis Zhang, Yong Luckman, Brian H. Myglan, Vladimir S. Guiot, Joel Beniston, Martin Masson-Delmotte, Valérie Oppenheimer, Clive |
author_sort |
Guillet, Sébastien |
title |
Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
title_short |
Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
title_full |
Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
title_fullStr |
Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
title_sort |
climate response to the samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01497225 https://hal.science/hal-01497225/document https://hal.science/hal-01497225/file/Guillet_et_al_1257_1258_Nature_Geoscience_Format_Final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2875 |
genre |
ice core Alaska Siberia |
genre_facet |
ice core Alaska Siberia |
op_source |
ISSN: 1752-0894 Nature Geoscience https://hal.science/hal-01497225 Nature Geoscience, 2017, 10 (2), pp.123 - 128. ⟨10.1038/ngeo2875⟩ http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v10/n2/full/ngeo2875.html |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2875 |
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Nature Geoscience |
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123 |
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128 |
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1796944363085889536 |
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-01497225v1 2024-04-21T08:04:49+00:00 Climate response to the Samalas volcanic eruption in 1257 revealed by proxy records Guillet, Sébastien Corona, Christophe Stoffel, Markus Khodri, Myriam Lavigne, Franck Ortega, Pablo Eckert, Nicolas Sielenou, Pascal Dkengne Daux, Valérie Churakova (sidorova), Olga v. Davi, Nicole Édouard, Jean-Louis Zhang, Yong Luckman, Brian H. Myglan, Vladimir S. Guiot, Joel Beniston, Martin Masson-Delmotte, Valérie Oppenheimer, Clive Dendrolab.ch Bern Institute of Geological Sciences Bern Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE)-Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE) Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM) Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) Institute for Environmental Sciences Geneva (ISE) Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE) Processus de la variabilité climatique tropicale et impacts (PARVATI) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP) Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) NCAS-Climate Reading Department of Meteorology Reading University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR) Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)) Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) Columbia University New York Centre Camille Jullian - Histoire et archéologie de la Méditerranée et de l'Afrique du Nord de la protohistoire à la fin de l'Antiquité (CCJ) Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR) Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Branch (CAS) Department of Geography London, Ontario University of Western Ontario (UWO) Siberian Federal University (SibFU) Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Geography Cambridge, UK University of Cambridge UK (CAM) 2017 https://hal.science/hal-01497225 https://hal.science/hal-01497225/document https://hal.science/hal-01497225/file/Guillet_et_al_1257_1258_Nature_Geoscience_Format_Final.pdf https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2875 en eng HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/ngeo2875 hal-01497225 https://hal.science/hal-01497225 https://hal.science/hal-01497225/document https://hal.science/hal-01497225/file/Guillet_et_al_1257_1258_Nature_Geoscience_Format_Final.pdf doi:10.1038/ngeo2875 IRD: fdi:010069283 IRSTEA: PUB00057173 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1752-0894 Nature Geoscience https://hal.science/hal-01497225 Nature Geoscience, 2017, 10 (2), pp.123 - 128. ⟨10.1038/ngeo2875⟩ http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v10/n2/full/ngeo2875.html Indonésie éruption volcanique Samalas impact sur le climat [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2017 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2875 2024-04-05T00:27:42Z [Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]RIVAGE International audience The eruption of Samalas in Indonesia in 1257 ranks among the largest sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era with sulfur deposition in ice cores reaching twice the volume of the Tambora eruption in 1815. Sedimentological analyses of deposits confirm the exceptional size of the event, which had both an eruption magnitude and a volcanic explosivity index of 7. During the Samalas eruption, more than 40 km 3 of dense magma was expelled and the eruption column is estimated to have reached altitudes of 43 km. However, the climatic response to the Samalas event is debated since climate model simulations generally predict a stronger and more prolonged surface air cooling of Northern Hemisphere summers than inferred from tree-ring-based temperature reconstructions. Here, we draw on historical archives, ice-core data and tree-ring records to reconstruct the spatial and temporal climate response to the Samalas eruption. We find that 1258 and 1259 experienced some of the coldest Northern Hemisphere summers of the past millennium. However, cooling across the Northern Hemisphere was spatially heterogeneous. Western Europe, Siberia and Japan experienced strong cooling, coinciding with warmer-than-average conditions over Alaska and northern Canada. We suggest that in North America, volcanic radiative forcing was modulated by a positive phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Contemporary records attest to severe famines in England and Japan, but these began prior to the eruption. We conclude that the Samalas eruption aggravated existing crises, but did not trigger the famines. Article in Journal/Newspaper ice core Alaska Siberia Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Nature Geoscience 10 2 123 128 |