Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP)
International audience Solar geoengineering - deliberate reduction in the amount of solar radiation retained by the Earth - has been proposed as a means of counteracting some of the climatic effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. We present results from Experiment G1 of the Geoengineerin...
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2013
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232/document https://hal.science/hal-01091232/file/ark%20_67375_WNG-6N74K5PB-P.pdf |
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Open Polar |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
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[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Kravitz, B. Caldeira, K. Boucher, O. Robock, A. Rasch, P.J. Alterskjær, K. Bou Karam, Diana Cole, J.N.S. Curry, C.L. Haywood, J.M. Irvine, P.J. Ji, D. Jones, A. Kristjánsson, J.E. Lunt, D.J. Moore, J.C. Niemeier, U. Schmidt, H. Schulz, M Singh, B. Tilmes, S. Watanabe, S. Yang, S. Yoon, J.-H. Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience Solar geoengineering - deliberate reduction in the amount of solar radiation retained by the Earth - has been proposed as a means of counteracting some of the climatic effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. We present results from Experiment G1 of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project, in which 12 climate models have simulated the climate response to an abrupt quadrupling of CO2 from preindustrial concentrations brought into radiative balance via a globally uniform reduction in insolation. Models show this reduction largely offsets global mean surface temperature increases due to quadrupled CO2 concentrations and prevents 97% of the Arctic sea ice loss that would otherwise occur under high CO2 levels but, compared to the preindustrial climate, leaves the tropics cooler (-0.3 K) and the poles warmer (+0.8 K). Annual mean precipitation minus evaporation anomalies for G1 are less than 0.2 mm day-1 in magnitude over 92% of the globe, but some tropical regions receive less precipitation, in part due to increased moist static stability and suppression of convection. Global average net primary productivity increases by 120% in G1 over simulated preindustrial levels, primarily from CO2 fertilization, but also in part due to reduced plant heat stress compared to a high CO2 world with no geoengineering. All models show that uniform solar geoengineering in G1 cannot simultaneously return regional and global temperature and hydrologic cycle intensity to preindustrial levels. Key Points Temperature reduction from uniform geoengineering is not uniform Geoengineering cannot offset both temperature and hydrology changes NPP increases mostly due to CO2 fertilization ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
author2 |
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Department of Global Ecology Carnegie (DGE) Carnegie Institution for Science Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Department of Environmental Sciences New Brunswick School of Environmental and Biological Sciences New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick (RU) Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick (RU) Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers) Department of Geosciences Oslo Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Oslo University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, Canada Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences Exeter (EMPS) University of Exeter Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies Potsdam (IASS) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE) Beijing Normal University (BNU) University of Bristol Bristol Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo (MET) National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder (NCAR) Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kravitz, B. Caldeira, K. Boucher, O. Robock, A. Rasch, P.J. Alterskjær, K. Bou Karam, Diana Cole, J.N.S. Curry, C.L. Haywood, J.M. Irvine, P.J. Ji, D. Jones, A. Kristjánsson, J.E. Lunt, D.J. Moore, J.C. Niemeier, U. Schmidt, H. Schulz, M Singh, B. Tilmes, S. Watanabe, S. Yang, S. Yoon, J.-H. |
author_facet |
Kravitz, B. Caldeira, K. Boucher, O. Robock, A. Rasch, P.J. Alterskjær, K. Bou Karam, Diana Cole, J.N.S. Curry, C.L. Haywood, J.M. Irvine, P.J. Ji, D. Jones, A. Kristjánsson, J.E. Lunt, D.J. Moore, J.C. Niemeier, U. Schmidt, H. Schulz, M Singh, B. Tilmes, S. Watanabe, S. Yang, S. Yoon, J.-H. |
author_sort |
Kravitz, B. |
title |
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
title_short |
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
title_full |
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
title_fullStr |
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) |
title_sort |
climate model response from the geoengineering model intercomparison project (geomip) |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232/document https://hal.science/hal-01091232/file/ark%20_67375_WNG-6N74K5PB-P.pdf |
genre |
Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://hal.science/hal-01091232 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118 (15), pp.8320-8332 |
op_relation |
hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232/document https://hal.science/hal-01091232/file/ark%20_67375_WNG-6N74K5PB-P.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1797578868540833792 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-01091232v1 2024-04-28T08:11:27+00:00 Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) Kravitz, B. Caldeira, K. Boucher, O. Robock, A. Rasch, P.J. Alterskjær, K. Bou Karam, Diana Cole, J.N.S. Curry, C.L. Haywood, J.M. Irvine, P.J. Ji, D. Jones, A. Kristjánsson, J.E. Lunt, D.J. Moore, J.C. Niemeier, U. Schmidt, H. Schulz, M Singh, B. Tilmes, S. Watanabe, S. Yang, S. Yoon, J.-H. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Department of Global Ecology Carnegie (DGE) Carnegie Institution for Science Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL) Department of Environmental Sciences New Brunswick School of Environmental and Biological Sciences New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick (RU) Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick (RU) Rutgers University System (Rutgers)-Rutgers University System (Rutgers) Department of Geosciences Oslo Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Oslo University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO) Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)) Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria BC, Canada Met Office Hadley Centre (MOHC) United Kingdom Met Office Exeter College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences Exeter (EMPS) University of Exeter Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies Potsdam (IASS) State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE) Beijing Normal University (BNU) University of Bristol Bristol Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo (MET) National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder (NCAR) Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) 2013 https://hal.science/hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232/document https://hal.science/hal-01091232/file/ark%20_67375_WNG-6N74K5PB-P.pdf en eng HAL CCSD American Geophysical Union hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232 https://hal.science/hal-01091232/document https://hal.science/hal-01091232/file/ark%20_67375_WNG-6N74K5PB-P.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 2169-897X EISSN: 2169-8996 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres https://hal.science/hal-01091232 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118 (15), pp.8320-8332 [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2013 ftinsu 2024-04-05T00:37:31Z International audience Solar geoengineering - deliberate reduction in the amount of solar radiation retained by the Earth - has been proposed as a means of counteracting some of the climatic effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. We present results from Experiment G1 of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project, in which 12 climate models have simulated the climate response to an abrupt quadrupling of CO2 from preindustrial concentrations brought into radiative balance via a globally uniform reduction in insolation. Models show this reduction largely offsets global mean surface temperature increases due to quadrupled CO2 concentrations and prevents 97% of the Arctic sea ice loss that would otherwise occur under high CO2 levels but, compared to the preindustrial climate, leaves the tropics cooler (-0.3 K) and the poles warmer (+0.8 K). Annual mean precipitation minus evaporation anomalies for G1 are less than 0.2 mm day-1 in magnitude over 92% of the globe, but some tropical regions receive less precipitation, in part due to increased moist static stability and suppression of convection. Global average net primary productivity increases by 120% in G1 over simulated preindustrial levels, primarily from CO2 fertilization, but also in part due to reduced plant heat stress compared to a high CO2 world with no geoengineering. All models show that uniform solar geoengineering in G1 cannot simultaneously return regional and global temperature and hydrologic cycle intensity to preindustrial levels. Key Points Temperature reduction from uniform geoengineering is not uniform Geoengineering cannot offset both temperature and hydrology changes NPP increases mostly due to CO2 fertilization ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Sea ice Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |