Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland
International audience Air was sampled from the porous firn layer at the NEEM site in Northern Greenland. We use an ensemble of ten reference tracers of known atmospheric history to characterise the transport properties of the site. By analysing uncertainties in both data and the reference gas atmos...
Published in: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2012
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779/document https://hal.science/hal-00843779/file/acp-12-4259-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 |
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Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
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ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Buizert, C. Martinerie, P. Petrenko, V. Severinghaus, J. P. Trudinger, C. M. Witrant, Emmanuel Rosen, J. L. Orsi, A. J. Rubino, M. Etheridge, D. M. Steele, L. P. Hogan, C. Laube, J. C. Sturges, W. T. Levchenko, V. A. Smith, A. M. Levin, I. Conway, T. J. Dlugokencky, E. J. Lang, P. M. Kawamura, K. Jenk, T. M. White, J. W. C. Sowers, T. Schwander, J. Blunier, T. Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience Air was sampled from the porous firn layer at the NEEM site in Northern Greenland. We use an ensemble of ten reference tracers of known atmospheric history to characterise the transport properties of the site. By analysing uncertainties in both data and the reference gas atmospheric histories, we can objectively assign weights to each of the gases used for the depth-diffusivity reconstruction. We define an objective root mean square criterion that is minimised in the model tuning procedure. Each tracer constrains the firn profile differently through its unique atmospheric history and free air diffusivity, making our multiple-tracer characterisation method a clear improvement over the commonly used single-tracer tuning. Six firn air transport models are tuned to the NEEM site; all models successfully reproduce the data within a 1σ Gaussian distribution. A comparison between two replicate boreholes drilled 64 m apart shows differences in measured mixing ratio profiles that exceed the experimental error. We find evidence that diffusivity does not vanish completely in the lock-in zone, as is commonly assumed. The ice age- gas age difference (1 age) at the firn-ice transition is calculated to be 182+3−9 yr. We further present the first intercomparison study of firn air models, where we introduce diagnostic scenarios designed to probe specific aspects of the model physics. Our results show that there are major differences in the way the models handle advective transport. Furthermore, diffusive fractionation of isotopes in the firn is poorly constrained by the models, which has consequences for attempts to reconstruct the isotopic composition of trace gases back in time using firn air and ice core records. |
author2 |
Centre for Ice and Climate Copenhagen Niels Bohr Institute Copenhagen (NBI) Faculty of Science Copenhagen University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science Copenhagen University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Rochester University of Rochester USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego) University of California San Diego (UC San Diego) University of California (UC)-University of California (UC) Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research/ CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research GIPSA - Systèmes linéaires et robustesse (GIPSA-SLR) Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA) Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab) Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab) Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) department of geosciences Oregon State University (OSU) School of Environmental Sciences Norwich University of East Anglia Norwich (UEA) Institute of materials engineering (Blackburn, Australia) Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Australie (ANSTO) Institut für Umweltphysik Heidelberg Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg = Heidelberg University NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo (NiPR) Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR) University of Colorado Boulder Earth and Environmental Systems Institute (EESI) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) Penn State System-Penn State System Physics Institute Bern Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Buizert, C. Martinerie, P. Petrenko, V. Severinghaus, J. P. Trudinger, C. M. Witrant, Emmanuel Rosen, J. L. Orsi, A. J. Rubino, M. Etheridge, D. M. Steele, L. P. Hogan, C. Laube, J. C. Sturges, W. T. Levchenko, V. A. Smith, A. M. Levin, I. Conway, T. J. Dlugokencky, E. J. Lang, P. M. Kawamura, K. Jenk, T. M. White, J. W. C. Sowers, T. Schwander, J. Blunier, T. |
author_facet |
Buizert, C. Martinerie, P. Petrenko, V. Severinghaus, J. P. Trudinger, C. M. Witrant, Emmanuel Rosen, J. L. Orsi, A. J. Rubino, M. Etheridge, D. M. Steele, L. P. Hogan, C. Laube, J. C. Sturges, W. T. Levchenko, V. A. Smith, A. M. Levin, I. Conway, T. J. Dlugokencky, E. J. Lang, P. M. Kawamura, K. Jenk, T. M. White, J. W. C. Sowers, T. Schwander, J. Blunier, T. |
author_sort |
Buizert, C. |
title |
Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
title_short |
Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
title_full |
Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
title_fullStr |
Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland |
title_sort |
gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for neem, northern greenland |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779/document https://hal.science/hal-00843779/file/acp-12-4259-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 |
genre |
Greenland ice core |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice core |
op_source |
ISSN: 1680-7316 EISSN: 1680-7324 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics https://hal.science/hal-00843779 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012, 12, pp.4259-4277. ⟨10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779/document https://hal.science/hal-00843779/file/acp-12-4259-2012.pdf doi:10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
4259 |
op_container_end_page |
4277 |
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1797583835922169856 |
spelling |
ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-00843779v1 2024-04-28T08:21:33+00:00 Gas transport in firn: multiple-tracer characterisation and model intercomparison for NEEM, Northern Greenland Buizert, C. Martinerie, P. Petrenko, V. Severinghaus, J. P. Trudinger, C. M. Witrant, Emmanuel Rosen, J. L. Orsi, A. J. Rubino, M. Etheridge, D. M. Steele, L. P. Hogan, C. Laube, J. C. Sturges, W. T. Levchenko, V. A. Smith, A. M. Levin, I. Conway, T. J. Dlugokencky, E. J. Lang, P. M. Kawamura, K. Jenk, T. M. White, J. W. C. Sowers, T. Schwander, J. Blunier, T. Centre for Ice and Climate Copenhagen Niels Bohr Institute Copenhagen (NBI) Faculty of Science Copenhagen University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science Copenhagen University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH) Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Rochester University of Rochester USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego) University of California San Diego (UC San Diego) University of California (UC)-University of California (UC) Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research/ CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research GIPSA - Systèmes linéaires et robustesse (GIPSA-SLR) Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA) Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab) Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab) Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) department of geosciences Oregon State University (OSU) School of Environmental Sciences Norwich University of East Anglia Norwich (UEA) Institute of materials engineering (Blackburn, Australia) Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Australie (ANSTO) Institut für Umweltphysik Heidelberg Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg = Heidelberg University NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo (NiPR) Institute of Arctic Alpine Research University of Colorado Boulder (INSTAAR) University of Colorado Boulder Earth and Environmental Systems Institute (EESI) Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) Penn State System-Penn State System Physics Institute Bern Universität Bern / University of Bern (UNIBE) 2012-05-14 https://hal.science/hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779/document https://hal.science/hal-00843779/file/acp-12-4259-2012.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779 https://hal.science/hal-00843779/document https://hal.science/hal-00843779/file/acp-12-4259-2012.pdf doi:10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1680-7316 EISSN: 1680-7324 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics https://hal.science/hal-00843779 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2012, 12, pp.4259-4277. ⟨10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012⟩ [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2012 ftinsu https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-4259-2012 2024-04-05T00:21:12Z International audience Air was sampled from the porous firn layer at the NEEM site in Northern Greenland. We use an ensemble of ten reference tracers of known atmospheric history to characterise the transport properties of the site. By analysing uncertainties in both data and the reference gas atmospheric histories, we can objectively assign weights to each of the gases used for the depth-diffusivity reconstruction. We define an objective root mean square criterion that is minimised in the model tuning procedure. Each tracer constrains the firn profile differently through its unique atmospheric history and free air diffusivity, making our multiple-tracer characterisation method a clear improvement over the commonly used single-tracer tuning. Six firn air transport models are tuned to the NEEM site; all models successfully reproduce the data within a 1σ Gaussian distribution. A comparison between two replicate boreholes drilled 64 m apart shows differences in measured mixing ratio profiles that exceed the experimental error. We find evidence that diffusivity does not vanish completely in the lock-in zone, as is commonly assumed. The ice age- gas age difference (1 age) at the firn-ice transition is calculated to be 182+3−9 yr. We further present the first intercomparison study of firn air models, where we introduce diagnostic scenarios designed to probe specific aspects of the model physics. Our results show that there are major differences in the way the models handle advective transport. Furthermore, diffusive fractionation of isotopes in the firn is poorly constrained by the models, which has consequences for attempts to reconstruct the isotopic composition of trace gases back in time using firn air and ice core records. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland ice core Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12 9 4259 4277 |