Arctic Ocean freshwater: How robust are model simulations?

• Published in: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
• Main Authors: Jahn, Alexandra, Aksenov, Yevgeny, de Cuevas, Beverly A., de Steur, L., Häkkinen, S., Hansen, Edmond, Herbaut, Christophe, Houssais, Marie-Noëlle, Karcher, Michael, Kauker, Frank, Lique, Camille, Nguyen, A., Pemberton, P., Worthen, D., Zhang, J.
• Other Authors: National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder (NCAR), National Oceanography Centre Southampton (NOC), University of Southampton, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Norwegian Polar Institute, Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO), University of Washington Seattle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Department of Meteorology Stockholm (MISU), Stockholm University, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Polar Science Center Seattle, Applied Physics Laboratory Seattle (APL-UW), University of Washington Seattle -University of Washington Seattle, European Project: 0804010(2008), European Project: 212643,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2007-1,THOR(2008)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2012
• Subjects: [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]; Arctic Archipelago; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Canadian Arctic Archipelago; Fram Strait; North Atlantic; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-00753336; https://hal.science/hal-00753336/document; https://hal.science/hal-00753336/file/2012JC007907.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JC007907

International audience The Arctic freshwater (FW) has been the focus of many modeling studies, due to the potential impact of Arctic FW on the deep water formation in the North Atlantic. A comparison of the hindcasts from ten ocean-sea ice models shows that the simulation of the Arctic FW budget is quite different in the investigated models. While they agree on the general sink and source terms of the Arctic FW budget, the long-term means as well as the variability of the FW export vary among models. The best model-to-model agreement is found for the interannual and seasonal variability of the solid FW export and the solid FW storage, which also agree well with observations. For the interannual and seasonal variability of the liquid FW export, the agreement among models is better for the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) than for Fram Strait. The reason for this is that models are more consistent in simulating volume flux anomalies than salinity anomalies and volume-flux anomalies dominate the liquid FW export variability in the CAA but not in Fram Strait. The seasonal cycle of the liquid FW export generally shows a better agreement among models than the interannual variability, and compared to observations the models capture the seasonality of the liquid FW export rather well. In order to improve future simulations of the Arctic FW budget, the simulation of the salinity field needs to be improved, so that model results on the variability of the liquid FW export and storage become more robust.