Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years
International audience Atmospheric CO 2 measured in Antarctic ice cores shows a natural variability of 80 to 100 ppmv during the last four glacial cycles and variations of approximately 60 ppmv in the two cycles between 410 and 650 kyr BP. We here use various paleo-climatic records from the EPICA Do...
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ftinsu:oai:HAL:hal-00298048v1 2024-02-11T09:56:28+01:00 Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years Köhler, P. Fischer, H. Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine (AWI) Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association 2006-09-11 https://hal.science/hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048/document https://hal.science/hal-00298048/file/cp-2-57-2006.pdf en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union (EGU) hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048/document https://hal.science/hal-00298048/file/cp-2-57-2006.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.science/hal-00298048 Climate of the Past, 2006, 2 (2), pp.57-78 [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2006 ftinsu 2024-01-17T17:27:29Z International audience Atmospheric CO 2 measured in Antarctic ice cores shows a natural variability of 80 to 100 ppmv during the last four glacial cycles and variations of approximately 60 ppmv in the two cycles between 410 and 650 kyr BP. We here use various paleo-climatic records from the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core and from oceanic sediment cores covering the last 740 kyr to force the ocean/atmosphere/biosphere box model of the global carbon cycle BICYCLE in a forward mode over this time in order to interpret the natural variability of CO 2 . Our approach is based on the previous interpretation of carbon cycle variations during Termination I (Köhler et al., 2005a). In the absense of a process-based sediment module one main simplification of BICYCLE is that carbonate compensation is approximated by the temporally delayed restoration of deep ocean [CO 3 2? ]. Our results match the low frequency changes in CO 2 measured in the Vostok and the EPICA Dome C ice core for the last 650 kyr BP ( r 2 ?0.75). During these transient simulations the carbon cycle reaches never a steady state due to the ongoing variability of the overall carbon budget caused by the time delayed response of the carbonate compensation to other processes. The average contributions of different processes to the rise in CO 2 during Terminations I to V and during earlier terminations are: the rise in Southern Ocean vertical mixing: 36/22 ppmv, the rise in ocean temperature: 26/11 ppmv, iron limitation of the marine biota in the Southern Ocean: 20/14 ppmv, carbonate compensation: 15/7 ppmv, the rise in North Atlantic deep water formation: 13/0 ppmv, the rise in gas exchange due to a decreasing sea ice cover: ?8/?7 ppmv, sea level rise: ?12/?4 ppmv, and rising terrestrial carbon storage: ?13/?6 ppmv. According to our model the smaller interglacial CO 2 values in the pre-Vostok period prior to Termination V are mainly caused by smaller interglacial Southern Ocean SST and an Atlantic THC which stayed before MIS 11 (before 420 kyr BP) in its ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU Antarctic Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Institut national des sciences de l'Univers: HAL-INSU |
op_collection_id |
ftinsu |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences Köhler, P. Fischer, H. Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
topic_facet |
[SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces environment [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences |
description |
International audience Atmospheric CO 2 measured in Antarctic ice cores shows a natural variability of 80 to 100 ppmv during the last four glacial cycles and variations of approximately 60 ppmv in the two cycles between 410 and 650 kyr BP. We here use various paleo-climatic records from the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core and from oceanic sediment cores covering the last 740 kyr to force the ocean/atmosphere/biosphere box model of the global carbon cycle BICYCLE in a forward mode over this time in order to interpret the natural variability of CO 2 . Our approach is based on the previous interpretation of carbon cycle variations during Termination I (Köhler et al., 2005a). In the absense of a process-based sediment module one main simplification of BICYCLE is that carbonate compensation is approximated by the temporally delayed restoration of deep ocean [CO 3 2? ]. Our results match the low frequency changes in CO 2 measured in the Vostok and the EPICA Dome C ice core for the last 650 kyr BP ( r 2 ?0.75). During these transient simulations the carbon cycle reaches never a steady state due to the ongoing variability of the overall carbon budget caused by the time delayed response of the carbonate compensation to other processes. The average contributions of different processes to the rise in CO 2 during Terminations I to V and during earlier terminations are: the rise in Southern Ocean vertical mixing: 36/22 ppmv, the rise in ocean temperature: 26/11 ppmv, iron limitation of the marine biota in the Southern Ocean: 20/14 ppmv, carbonate compensation: 15/7 ppmv, the rise in North Atlantic deep water formation: 13/0 ppmv, the rise in gas exchange due to a decreasing sea ice cover: ?8/?7 ppmv, sea level rise: ?12/?4 ppmv, and rising terrestrial carbon storage: ?13/?6 ppmv. According to our model the smaller interglacial CO 2 values in the pre-Vostok period prior to Termination V are mainly caused by smaller interglacial Southern Ocean SST and an Atlantic THC which stayed before MIS 11 (before 420 kyr BP) in its ... |
author2 |
Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung = Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research = Institut Alfred-Wegener pour la recherche polaire et marine (AWI) Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Köhler, P. Fischer, H. |
author_facet |
Köhler, P. Fischer, H. |
author_sort |
Köhler, P. |
title |
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
title_short |
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
title_full |
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
title_fullStr |
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years |
title_sort |
simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric co 2 during the last 740 000 years |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048/document https://hal.science/hal-00298048/file/cp-2-57-2006.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic EPICA ice core North Atlantic Deep Water North Atlantic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.science/hal-00298048 Climate of the Past, 2006, 2 (2), pp.57-78 |
op_relation |
hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048 https://hal.science/hal-00298048/document https://hal.science/hal-00298048/file/cp-2-57-2006.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1790603336693579776 |