Pyrochlore chemistry from the Sokli phoscorite carbonatite complex, Finland: Implications for the genesis of phoscorite and carbonatite association

• Published in: GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
• Main Authors: Lee, Mi Jung, Lee, Jong Ik, Garcia, Daniel, Moutte, Jacques, Williams, C.Terry, Wall, Frances, Kim, Yeadong
• Other Authors: Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources, Geology & Geoinformation Division, Centre Sciences des Processus Industriels et Naturels (SPIN-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT), Département Géochimie, environnement, écoulement, réacteurs industriels et cristallisation (GENERIC-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-SPIN, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV-ENSMSE), Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-SPIN-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Natural History Museum, Department of Mineralogy, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2006
• Subjects: pyrochlore; phoscorite; carbonatite; Sokli; liquid immiscibility; [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering; Northern Finland
• Online Access: https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-00612170; https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.40.1

International audience Abstract: The phoscorite-carbonatite complex in the Sokli alkaline-carbonatite massif, northern Finland, comprises five stages of intrusions of phoscorites and carbonatites (P1-C1, P2-C2 and P3-C3 for phoscorites and calcite carbonatites; D4 and D5 for dolomite carbonatites). The phoscorites and calcite carbonatites at Sokli usually occur as pairs with the same mineral assemblages. Pyrochlore is found in the majority of rock types in the Sokli phoscorite-carbonatite complex, shows wide compositional variation and seems to preserve evolution trends of host rocks. Crystallization of pyrochlore begins from the P2-C2 phoscorite and calcite carbonatite and continues up to the latest D5 dolomite carbonatite. Pyrochlore in the early stage P2-C2 rocks has high U and Ta contents. These elements suddenly decrease from the P3-C3 rocks, on the other hand, Th and Ce contents increase. The compositions of the late generations from the D4 and D5 rocks are close to that of an ideal end-member pyrochlore with formula (Ca,Na)2Nb2O6F. The Nb/Ta ratio and F content of pyrochlore increase from P2-C2 to the latest D5 dolomite carbonatite. The composition and evolutionary history of pyrochlore from the phoscorites are distinguished from those of the associated calcite carbonatites. Pyrochlore from the calcite carbonatites shows larger A-cation deficiencies compared to those from the paired phoscorites. Ta and Zr contents are slightly higher in pyrochlore from the calcite carbonatites, whereas Ti is generally higher in pyrochlore from the associated phoscorites. Moreover, pyrochlore from the phoscorites always shows a longer and more complex crystallization history compared to that of the same stage carbonatites. This indicates that the chemical condition was clearly different in the two systems during the crystallization of pyrochlore. Based on these results, together with the previous mineralogical and geochemical studies on the Sokli phoscorite-carbonatite complex, we propose a liquid immiscibility process ...