The quantitative genetics of fitness in a wild seabird

• Published in: Evolution
• Main Authors: Moiron, Maria, Charmantier, A., Bouwhuis, Sandra
• Other Authors: Institute of Avian Research, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD France-Sud )-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: adaptive potential; additive genetic variance; heritability; lifetime reproductive success; log-normal fitness; [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE]; Common tern; Sterna hirundo
• Online Access: https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03821435; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03821435/document; https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03821435/file/Moiron_h2_of_fitness%20v3.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14516

International audience Additive genetic variance in fitness is a prerequisite for adaptive evolution, as a trait must be genetically correlated with fitness to evolve. Despite its relevance, additive genetic variance in fitness has not often been estimated in nature. Here, we investigate additive genetic variance in lifetime and annual fitness components in common terns (Sterna hirundo). Using 28 years of data comprising approximately 6000 pedigreed individuals, we find that additive genetic variances in the zero-inflated and Poisson components of lifetime fitness were effectively zero but estimated with high uncertainty. Similarly, additive genetic variances in adult annual reproductive success and survival did not differ from zero but were again associated with high uncertainty. Simulations suggested that we would be able to detect additive genetic variances as low as 0.05 for the zero-inflated component of fitness but not for the Poisson component, for which adequate statistical power would require approximately two more decades (four tern generations) of data collection. As such, our study suggests heritable variance in common tern fitness to be rather low if not zero, shows how studying the quantitative genetics of fitness in natural populations remains challenging, and highlights the importance of maintaining long-term individual-based studies of natural populations.