Flood-induced Natech events – Analysis of the physical and organizational vulnerability of industrial sites

• Main Authors: Piatyszek, Eric, Tardy, Alicja, Lesbats, Michel, Lamalle, Damien, Cruz, Ana Maria
• Other Authors: Département Génie de l’environnement pour les organisations (FAYOL-ENSMSE), Institut Henri Fayol-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de St Etienne (ENSM ST-ETIENNE), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Paris (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Bordeaux (IUT Bordeaux), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Laboratoire de Mecanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique (LMFA), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRM), Kyoto University
• Format: Conference Object
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2017
• Subjects: [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation; Iceland
• Online Access: https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/emse-01649641

International audience IntroductionChemical accidents triggered by natural hazards (known as Natechs) are relatively rare. Nonetheless, several studies indicate that the frequency of Natech accidents is increasing. Moreover, the industrial sector is often unprepared for these joint natural and technological or Natech events mainly because of the lack of guidelines on how to apply Natech regulations and the lack of information on the dynamics of Natechs. This article describes research works to improve the understanding of the physical and organizational vulnerability of industrial facilities exposed to natural hazards (particularly tsunamis and floods).MethodThe work is based on a posteriori (in Japan and France) and a priori analysis of the industrial as well as the local governments’ emergency management to the Natech accidents during the Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami (GEJET) and during severe flooding events in France. Survey questionnaires in Japan and France are applied to chemical facilities, to government agencies, and to citizens in France and Japan. Secondly, all of these data have been used to construct various models (systemic model, functional representation, and risk models) at the scale of the industrial site territory. These models help to represent the impact of the flood events on the facilities and more precisely on the equipment directly or indirectly involved in the development and management of a technological accident (using fault trees).ResultsThe interviews, field visits and mail survey to affected facilities have provided detailed information about losses and damage, chemical accidents and oil spills triggered by the earthquake and tsunami, the vulnerability of the facilities, the performance of safety and mitigation measures, the accident consequences, and the overall emergency response actions. 6 equipment families or subsystems directly or indirectly involved in a Natech accident have been identified. An analysis (using systemic and functionnal models) of each 6 ...