Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging
34 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS International audience In this paper we show how tomographic imaging (Zeeman Doppler Imaging, ZDI) can be used to characterize stellar activity and magnetic field topologies, ultimately allowing to filter out the radial velocity (RV) activity jitter of M-d...
Published in: | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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2016
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-01373153 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 |
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Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRA |
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English |
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line: profiles techniques: polarimetric techniques: radial velocities magnetic fields starspots [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] |
spellingShingle |
line: profiles techniques: polarimetric techniques: radial velocities magnetic fields starspots [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] Hébrard, É. M. Donati, J. -F. Delfosse, X. Morin, Julien Moutou, C. Boisse, I. Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
topic_facet |
line: profiles techniques: polarimetric techniques: radial velocities magnetic fields starspots [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] |
description |
34 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS International audience In this paper we show how tomographic imaging (Zeeman Doppler Imaging, ZDI) can be used to characterize stellar activity and magnetic field topologies, ultimately allowing to filter out the radial velocity (RV) activity jitter of M-dwarf moderate rotators. This work is based on spectropolarimetric observations of a sample of five weakly-active early M-dwarfs (GJ 205, GJ 358, GJ 410, GJ479, GJ 846) with HARPS-Pol and NARVAL. These stars have v sin i and RV jitters in the range 1-2 km/s and 2.7-10.0 m/s rms respectively. Using a modified version of ZDI applied to sets of phase-resolved Least-Squares- Decon- volved (LSD) profiles of unpolarized spectral lines, we are able to characterize the distribution of active regions at the stellar surfaces. We find that darks spots cover less than 2% of the total surface of the stars of our sample. Our technique is e cient at modeling the rotationally mod- ulated component of the activity jitter, and succeeds at decreasing the amplitude of this com- ponent by typical factors of 2-3 and up to 6 in optimal cases. From the rotationally modulated time-series of circularly polarized spectra and with ZDI, we also reconstruct the large-scale magnetic field topology. These fields suggest that bi-stability of dynamo processes observed in active M dwarfs may also be at work for moderately active M dwarfs. Comparing spot distributions with field topologies suggest that dark spots causing activity jitter concentrate at the magnetic pole and/or equator, to be confirmed with future data on a larger sample. |
author2 |
Department of Physics and Astronomy Toronto York University Toronto Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 )-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 ) Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM) Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT) National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i Honolulu (UH) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hébrard, É. M. Donati, J. -F. Delfosse, X. Morin, Julien Moutou, C. Boisse, I. |
author_facet |
Hébrard, É. M. Donati, J. -F. Delfosse, X. Morin, Julien Moutou, C. Boisse, I. |
author_sort |
Hébrard, É. M. |
title |
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
title_short |
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
title_full |
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
title_fullStr |
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
title_sort |
modeling the rv jitter of early m dwarfs using tomographic imaging |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-01373153 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 |
genre |
narval narval |
genre_facet |
narval narval |
op_source |
ISSN: 0035-8711 EISSN: 1365-2966 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://hal.science/hal-01373153 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2016, 461, pp.1465-1497. ⟨10.1093/mnras/stw1346⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/1606.01775 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 hal-01373153 https://hal.science/hal-01373153 ARXIV: 1606.01775 doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1346 INSPIRE: 2699277 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 |
container_title |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
container_volume |
461 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
1465 |
op_container_end_page |
1497 |
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1809816226618146816 |
spelling |
ftinraparis:oai:HAL:hal-01373153v1 2024-09-09T20:14:34+00:00 Modeling the RV jitter of early M dwarfs using tomographic imaging Hébrard, É. M. Donati, J. -F. Delfosse, X. Morin, Julien Moutou, C. Boisse, I. Department of Physics and Astronomy Toronto York University Toronto Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP) Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 )-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 ) Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM) Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT) National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i Honolulu (UH) 2016-06-07 https://hal.science/hal-01373153 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 en eng HAL CCSD Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy P - Oxford Open Option A info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/1606.01775 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 hal-01373153 https://hal.science/hal-01373153 ARXIV: 1606.01775 doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1346 INSPIRE: 2699277 ISSN: 0035-8711 EISSN: 1365-2966 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://hal.science/hal-01373153 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2016, 461, pp.1465-1497. ⟨10.1093/mnras/stw1346⟩ line: profiles techniques: polarimetric techniques: radial velocities magnetic fields starspots [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftinraparis https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1346 2024-06-25T14:59:26Z 34 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS International audience In this paper we show how tomographic imaging (Zeeman Doppler Imaging, ZDI) can be used to characterize stellar activity and magnetic field topologies, ultimately allowing to filter out the radial velocity (RV) activity jitter of M-dwarf moderate rotators. This work is based on spectropolarimetric observations of a sample of five weakly-active early M-dwarfs (GJ 205, GJ 358, GJ 410, GJ479, GJ 846) with HARPS-Pol and NARVAL. These stars have v sin i and RV jitters in the range 1-2 km/s and 2.7-10.0 m/s rms respectively. Using a modified version of ZDI applied to sets of phase-resolved Least-Squares- Decon- volved (LSD) profiles of unpolarized spectral lines, we are able to characterize the distribution of active regions at the stellar surfaces. We find that darks spots cover less than 2% of the total surface of the stars of our sample. Our technique is e cient at modeling the rotationally mod- ulated component of the activity jitter, and succeeds at decreasing the amplitude of this com- ponent by typical factors of 2-3 and up to 6 in optimal cases. From the rotationally modulated time-series of circularly polarized spectra and with ZDI, we also reconstruct the large-scale magnetic field topology. These fields suggest that bi-stability of dynamo processes observed in active M dwarfs may also be at work for moderately active M dwarfs. Comparing spot distributions with field topologies suggest that dark spots causing activity jitter concentrate at the magnetic pole and/or equator, to be confirmed with future data on a larger sample. Article in Journal/Newspaper narval narval Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique: ProdINRA Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 461 2 1465 1497 |